Circular Modelling of Circumplex Measurements for Interpersonal Behavior

Abstract

This article describes a new way to analyze data from the interpersonal circumplex (IPC) for interpersonal behavior. Instead of analyzing Agency and Communion separately or analyzing the IPC’s octants, we propose using a circular regression model that allows us to investigate effects on a blend of Agency and Communion. The proposed circular model is called a projected normal (PN) model. We illustrate the use of a PN mixed-effects model on three repeated measures data sets with circumplex measurements from interpersonal and educational psychology. This model allows us to detect different types of patterns in the data and provides a more valid analysis of circumplex data. In addition to being able to investigate the effect on the location (mean) of scores on the IPC, we can also investigate effects on the spread (variance) of scores on the IPC. We also introduce new tools that help interpret the fixed and random effects of PN models.

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“…To evaluate the contributions of body condition, daylength, latitude, and longitude to the daily timing of activity, we performed circular mixed-effects model analyses using the R package bpnreg ( 55 ). This package implements circular regression and circular mixed-effects regression models as described by Cremers et al ( 28 ), Cremers and Klugkist ( 56 ), Cremers et al ( 57 ), and Cremers et al ( 58 ). First, the circular outcome “Drift” was coded such that 0° represents time of sunrise and 180° represents time of sunset independent of the date.…”

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“…Further, comprehending and demonstrating proper interpersonal behaviour has proved its effectiveness in psychology to study interpersonal processes, personality traits, and relationship functioning (Kiesler and Auerbach, 2003;Pincus and Gurtman, 2006;Locke et al, 2017). Studies have suggested that good quality interpersonal relationships and behaviour are important for peoples' social functioning and mental health (Cremers et al, 2021). Lately, the authors in (Firdaus et al, 2022b) have demonstrated that inculcating politeness in the agent based on the user's personal profile, such as gender and age group makes the dialogue agent capable of identifying subtle language changes while conversing with different users.…”

“…polite, moderately_polite and impolite, respectively. The different interpersonal behaviour labels following the two-dimensional IPC model (Cremers et al, 2021) that we use in our work are: directing (Dg), helpful (Hl), understanding (Ug), complaint (Ct), imposing (Ig), confrontational (Cl), dissatisfied (Dd) and uncertain (Un). This interpersonal behaviour annotation list has been extended to incorporate one more label, namely empathetic (Em), considering the significance of empathy in therapy (Sharma et al, 2020(Sharma et al, , 2021Saha et al, 2022).…”