Circular RNAs: Promising Biomarkers for Age-related Diseases

Pan, Yanhong; Wu, Weipeng; Xiong, Xing‐Dong

doi:10.14336/ad.2020.0309

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…It is reported that many circRNAs exhibit additional regulatory functions in aging and aging-related diseases progression (26). The present study revealed that circ-Sirt1 was highly expressed in young and healthy arteries, and decreased in aged arteries and in the neointima and atherosclerotic lesion.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

circ-Sirt1 Decelerates Senescence by Inhibiting p53 Activation in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells, Ameliorating Neointima Formation

Kong

Dou

et al. 2021

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) senescence is a major driver of neointimal formation. We have demonstrated that circ-Sirt1 derived from the SIRT1 gene suppressed VSMC inflammation and neointimal formation. However, the effect of circ-Sirt1 inhibiting inflammation on VSMC senescence during neointimal hyperplasia remains to be elucidated. Here, we showed that circ-Sirt1 was highly expressed in young and healthy arteries, which was decreased in aged arteries and neointima of humans and mice. Overexpression of circ-Sirt1 delayed Ang II-induced VSMC senescence in vitro and ameliorated neointimal hyperplasia in vivo. Mechanically, circ-Sirt1 inhibited p53 activity at the levels of transcription and post-translation modulation. In detail, circ-Sirt1, on the one hand, interacted with and held p53 to block its nuclear translocation, and on the other hand, promoted SIRT1-mediated p53 deacetylation and inactivation. In conclusion, our data suggest that circ-Sirt1 is a novel p53 repressor in response senescence-inducing stimuli, and targeting circ-Sirt1 may be a promising approach to ameliorating aging-related vascular disease.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

circ-Sirt1 Decelerates Senescence by Inhibiting p53 Activation in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells, Ameliorating Neointima Formation

Kong

Dou

et al. 2021

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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“…It has been shown that circRNAs are involved with age-related diseases (i.e., cancer, diabetes, osteoporosis, and rheumatoid arthritis [ 73 ]) and are expressed in a development stage-specific manner. It is reasonable to expect that circRNAs involved in periodontal cell differentiation and periodontal regeneration are influenced by ageing and by the stage of development of the periodontium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Emerging Regulatory Role of Circular RNAs in Periodontal Tissues and Cells

Jiao

Walsh

Ivanovski

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Periodontitis is a chronic complex inflammatory disease associated with a destructive host immune response to microbial dysbiosis, leading to irreversible loss of tooth-supporting tissues. Regeneration of functional periodontal soft (periodontal ligament and gingiva) and hard tissue components (cementum and alveolar bone) to replace lost tissues is the ultimate goal of periodontal treatment, but clinically predictable treatments are lacking. Similarly, the identification of biomarkers that can be used to accurately diagnose periodontitis activity is lacking. A relatively novel category of molecules found in oral tissue, circular RNAs (circRNAs) are single-stranded endogenous, long, non-coding RNA molecules, with covalently circular-closed structures without a 5’ cap and a 3’ tail via non-classic backsplicing. Emerging research indicates that circRNAs are tissue and disease-specific expressed and have crucial regulatory functions in various diseases. CircRNAs can function as microRNA or RNA binding sites or can regulate mRNA. In this review, we explore the biogenesis and function of circRNAs in the context of the emerging role of circRNAs in periodontitis pathogenesis and the differentiation of periodontal cells. CircMAP3K11, circCDK8, circCDR1as, circ_0062491, and circ_0095812 are associated with pathological periodontitis tissues. Furthermore, circRNAs are expressed in periodontal cells in a cell-specific manner. They can function as microRNA sponges and can form circRNA–miRNA–mRNA networks during osteogenic differentiation for periodontal-tissue (or dental pulp)-derived progenitor cells.

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“…At present, however, the function of these RNAs is unknown. CircRNAs might be involved in age-related diseases [ 34 , 35 ]. RNAs of this type may also operate in neuropsychiatric disorders [ 35 ].…”

Section: From Molecules To Extracellular Vesiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

News about the Role of Fluid and Imaging Biomarkers in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Meldolesi

2021

Biomedicines

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Biomarkers are molecules that are variable in their origin, nature, and mechanism of action; they are of great relevance in biology and also in medicine because of their specific connection with a single or several diseases. Biomarkers are of two types, which in some cases are operative with each other. Fluid biomarkers, started around 2000, are generated in fluid from specific proteins/peptides and miRNAs accumulated within two extracellular fluids, either the central spinal fluid or blood plasma. The switch of these proteins/peptides and miRNAs, from free to segregated within extracellular vesicles, has induced certain advantages including higher levels within fluids and lower operative expenses. Imaging biomarkers, started around 2004, are identified in vivo upon their binding by radiolabeled molecules subsequently revealed in the brain by positron emission tomography and/or other imaging techniques. A positive point for the latter approach is the quantitation of results, but expenses are much higher. At present, both types of biomarker are being extensively employed to study Alzheimer’s and other neurodegenerative diseases, investigated from the presymptomatic to mature stages. In conclusion, biomarkers have revolutionized scientific and medical research and practice. Diagnosis, which is often inadequate when based on medical criteria only, has been recently improved by the multiplicity and specificity of biomarkers. Analogous results have been obtained for prognosis. In contrast, improvement of therapy has been limited or fully absent, especially for Alzheimer’s in which progress has been inadequate. An urgent need at hand is therefore the progress of a new drug trial design together with patient management in clinical practice.

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Circular RNAs: Promising Biomarkers for Age-related Diseases

Cited by 27 publications

References 91 publications

circ-Sirt1 Decelerates Senescence by Inhibiting p53 Activation in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells, Ameliorating Neointima Formation

circ-Sirt1 Decelerates Senescence by Inhibiting p53 Activation in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells, Ameliorating Neointima Formation

The Emerging Regulatory Role of Circular RNAs in Periodontal Tissues and Cells

News about the Role of Fluid and Imaging Biomarkers in Neurodegenerative Diseases

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