Circular RNAs: The star molecules in cancer

Liu, Jianhong; Li, Dongpei; Luo, Hui; Zhu, Xiao

doi:10.1016/j.mam.2019.10.006

Cited by 137 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 125 publications

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“…When nutrients are relatively scarce, the body must inhibit the activation of mTOR to keep cell material and energy stable. Tumor cells require large amounts of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides to respond to their needs for growth and division [19]. Therefore, abnormal activity of the mTOR pathway often occurs in tumors, because mTOR plays a core role in regulating metabolism.…”

Section: Tumor Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

mTOR signaling pathway and mTOR inhibitors in cancer: progress and challenges

et al. 2020

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Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) regulates cell proliferation, autophagy, and apoptosis by participating in multiple signaling pathways in the body. Studies have shown that the mTOR signaling pathway is also associated with cancer, arthritis, insulin resistance, osteoporosis, and other diseases. The mTOR signaling pathway, which is often activated in tumors, not only regulates gene transcription and protein synthesis to regulate cell proliferation and immune cell differentiation but also plays an important role in tumor metabolism. Therefore, the mTOR signaling pathway is a hot target in anti-tumor therapy research. In recent years, a variety of newly discovered mTOR inhibitors have entered clinical studies, and a variety of drugs have been proven to have high activity in combination with mTOR inhibitors. The purpose of this review is to introduce the role of mTOR signaling pathway on apoptosis, autophagy, growth, and metabolism of tumor cells, and to introduce the research progress of mTOR inhibitors in the tumor field.

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Section: Tumor Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

mTOR signaling pathway and mTOR inhibitors in cancer: progress and challenges

et al. 2020

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“…This method can accurately diagnose pan cancer microsatellite instability by single molecule reverse probe capture and high-throughput sequencing. According to this study, smMIPs can only accurately identify microsatellite instability in colorectal, prostate and endometrial cancers to determine the presence of MSI [17,18].…”

Section: Single-molecule Molecular Inversion Probes (Smmips)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microsatellite instability: a review of what the oncologist should know

et al. 2020

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The patients with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H)/mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) tumors recently have been reported that can benefit from immunotherapy, and MSI can be used as a genetic instability of a tumor detection index. However, many studies have shown that there are many heterogeneous phenomena in patients with MSI tumors in terms of immunotherapy, prognosis and chemotherapy sensitivity. Here we mainly review the research results of MSI detection methods, the mechanisms of MSI occurrence and its relationship with related tumors, aiming to make a brief analysis of the current research status of MSI and provide comparable reference and guidance value for further research in this field.

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“…circRNAs are generally considered to be molecular flukes or byproducts of transcription. However, increasing evidences indicate that circRNAs are abundant in cells and play an important role in regulating disease progression [30]. Tantamount studies indicate that cir-cRNAs work as miRNA sponge by trapping and halting the function of target miRNAs [7,[20][21][22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most frequently reported mechanism of circRNAs is to trap miRNAs, known as miRNA sponge, leading to functional loss of target miRNAs and subsequent upregulation of miRNA-targeted genes. circRNAs exhibit powerful potential in regulating the biological functions of BC cells, including proliferation, migration, invasion [29][30][31]. Recently, some publications reported correlations between circRNAs and autophagy in many diseases such as thyroid cancer, myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury and sciatic nerve injury [10,32,33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autophagy-associated circRNA circCDYL augments autophagy and promotes breast cancer progression

et al. 2020

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Background: Although both circular RNAs (circRNAs) and autophagy are associated with the function of breast cancer (BC), whether circRNAs regulate BC progression via autophagy remains unknown. In this study, we aim to explore the regulatory mechanisms and the clinical significance of autophagy-associated circRNAs in BC. Methods: Autophagy associated circRNAs were screened by circRNAs deep sequencing and validated by qRT-PCR in BC tissues with high-and low-autophagic level. The biological function of autophagy associated circRNAs were assessed by plate colony formation, cell viability, transwells, flow cytometry and orthotopic animal models. For mechanistic study, RNA immunoprecipitation, circRNAs pull-down, Dual luciferase report assay, Western Blot, Immunofluorescence and Immunohistochemical staining were performed. Results: An autophagy associated circRNA circCDYL was elevated by 3.2 folds in BC tissues as compared with the adjacent non-cancerous tissues, and circCDYL promoted autophagic level in BC cells via the miR-1275-ATG7/ULK1 axis; Moreover, circCDYL enhanced the malignant progression of BC cells in vitro and in vivo. Clinically, increased circCDYL in the tumor tissues and serum of BC patients was associated with higher tumor burden, shorter survival and poorer clinical response to therapy. Conclusions: circCDYL promotes BC progression via the miR-1275-ATG7/ULK1-autophagic axis and circCDYL could act as a potential prognostic and predictive molecule for breast cancer patients.

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Circular RNAs: The star molecules in cancer

Cited by 137 publications

References 125 publications

mTOR signaling pathway and mTOR inhibitors in cancer: progress and challenges

mTOR signaling pathway and mTOR inhibitors in cancer: progress and challenges

Microsatellite instability: a review of what the oncologist should know

Autophagy-associated circRNA circCDYL augments autophagy and promotes breast cancer progression

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