Circularly polarized 2450‐MHz waveguide system for chronic exposure of small animals to microwaves

Guy, Alain; Wallace, Jack E.; McDougall, Jean A.

doi:10.1029/rs014i06sp00063

Cited by 80 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The fields in an exposed animal are strongly dependent on animal size and orientation [Guy et al, 1979;Chou et al, 1985] so that movement, especially movement of the head, would have changed the fields in the head during exposure. Although, as reflected in the fractions in Table 2, medium sized spiny neurons were not all affected to the same degree by treatment.…”

Section: Microwave Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute effects of pulsed microwaves and 3‐nitropropionic acid on neuronal ultrastructure in the rat caudate‐putamen

Seaman

Phelix

2005

Bioelectromagnetics

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Ultrastructure of the medium sized "spiny" neuron in rat dorsal-lateral caudate-putamen was assessed after administration of 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP) and exposure to pulsed microwaves. Sprague-Dawley male rats were given two daily intraperitoneal doses of 0 or 10 mg/kg 3-NP and 1.5 h after each dose were exposed to microwave radiation at a whole body averaged specific absorption rate (SAR) of 0 (sham exposure), 0.6, or 6 W/kg for 30 min. Microwave exposure consisted of 1.25 GHz radiation delivered as 5.9 micros pulses with repetition frequency 10 Hz. Tissue samples taken 2-3 h after the second sham or microwave exposure showed no injury with light microscope methods. Blinded qualitative assessment of ultrastructure of randomly selected neurons from the same samples did reveal differences. Subsequent detailed, quantitative measurements showed that, when followed by sham exposure, administration of 3-NP significantly increased endoplasmic reticulum (ER) intracisternal width, ER area density, and nuclear envelope thickness. Microwave exposure at 6 W/kg alone also significantly increased these measures. Exposure of 3-NP treated animals at 6 W/kg significantly increased effects of 3-NP on ultrastructure. Although exposure at 0.6 W/kg alone did not affect ultrastructure measures, exposure of 3-NP treated animals at 0.6 W/kg reduced the effects of 3-NP. We concluded that 3-NP changed neuronal ultrastructure and that the microwave exposures used here changed neuronal ultrastructure in ways that depended on microwave SAR and neuron metabolic status. The apparent cancellation of 3-NP induced changes by exposure to pulsed microwaves at 0.6 W/kg indicated the possibility that such exposure can protect against the effects of mitochondrial toxins on the nervous system.

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Section: Microwave Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute effects of pulsed microwaves and 3‐nitropropionic acid on neuronal ultrastructure in the rat caudate‐putamen

Seaman

Phelix

2005

Bioelectromagnetics

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“…The most extensive investigations of PW effects have been a product of the circular waveguide exposure system developed by Guy et al [1979]. Many reports by Lai [e.g., Lai et al, 1984a,b] have described complex interactions between 2450 MHz PW exposure of rats and drugs that influence the T co .…”

Section: Pulsed (Pw) Versus Cw Field Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoregulatory responses to RF energy absorption

Adair¹,

Black²

2003

Bioelectromagnetics

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This white paper combines a tutorial on the fundamentals of thermoregulation with a review of the current literature concerned with physiological thermoregulatory responses of humans and laboratory animals in the presence of radio frequency (RF) and microwave fields. The ultimate goal of research involving whole body RF exposure of intact organisms is the prediction of effects of such exposure on human beings. Most of the published research on physiological thermoregulation has been conducted on laboratory animals, with a heavy emphasis on laboratory rodents. Because their physiological heat loss mechanisms are limited, these small animals are very poor models for human beings. Basic information about the thermoregulatory capabilities of animal models relative to human capability is essential for the appropriate evaluation and extrapolation of animal data to humans. In general, reliance on data collected on humans and nonhuman primates, however fragmentary, yields a more accurate understanding of how RF fields interact with humans. Such data are featured in this review, including data from both clinic and laboratory. Featured topics include thermal sensation, human RF overexposures, exposures attending magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), predictions based on simulation models, and laboratory studies of human volunteers. Supporting data from animal studies include the thermoregulatory profile, response thresholds, physiological responses of heat production and heat loss, intense or prolonged exposure, RF effects on early development, circadian variation, and additive drug-microwave interactions. The conclusion is inescapable that humans demonstrate far superior thermoregulatory ability over other tested organisms during RF exposure at, or even above current human exposure guidelines. Bioelectromagnetics Supplement 6:S17-S38, 2003.

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“…Further details on the exposure system, as well as dosimetric evaluations, have been described by Guy and Chou (1976) for the 915-MHz system and by Guy and McDougall (1979) for the 2450-MHz system.…”

Section: Lmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subtle Consequences of Exposure to Weak Microwave Fields: Are There Nonthermal Effects?

Lovely

Mizumori²,

Johnson³

et al. 1983

Microwaves and Thermoregulation

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Circularly polarized 2450‐MHz waveguide system for chronic exposure of small animals to microwaves

Cited by 80 publications

References 2 publications

Acute effects of pulsed microwaves and 3‐nitropropionic acid on neuronal ultrastructure in the rat caudate‐putamen

Acute effects of pulsed microwaves and 3‐nitropropionic acid on neuronal ultrastructure in the rat caudate‐putamen

Thermoregulatory responses to RF energy absorption

Subtle Consequences of Exposure to Weak Microwave Fields: Are There Nonthermal Effects?

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