Circularly symmetric operation of a concentric-circle-grating, surface- emitting, AlGaAs/GaAs quantum-well semiconductor laser

Erdoğan, Turan; King, O.; Wicks, G. W.; Hall, Dennis G.; Anderson, Erik H.; Rooks, M. J.

doi:10.1063/1.107151

Cited by 154 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Surface-emitting lasers with a circular emission aperture are particularly useful in optical communications because they can produce circularly-symmetric, narrow-divergence laser beams [1][2][3]. With optical gain, circular Bragg microresonators can be engineered for such applications -the radial Bragg reflector not only provides feedback for the in-plane fields but also couples the laser radiation out of the plane vertically.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative study of modal properties of surface-emitting circular bragg micro-lasers

Sun

Yariv

2009

2009 Conference on Lasers &Amp; Electro Optics &Amp; The Pacific Rim Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative study of modal properties of surface-emitting circular bragg micro-lasers

Sun

Yariv

2009

2009 Conference on Lasers &Amp; Electro Optics &Amp; The Pacific Rim Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

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“…On the other hand, circular-grating-coupled surface emitting lasers are promising candidates for high-power applications because of their broad and circular emission aperture and their potential in optical coherent combination in a 2-D laser array configuration. The optically and electrically pumped circular grating distributed feedback (DFB) and distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) lasers have been studied extensively [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Their radiation patterns have also been investigated theoretically [6] and verified experimentally [3,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The optically and electrically pumped circular grating distributed feedback (DFB) and distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) lasers have been studied extensively [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Their radiation patterns have also been investigated theoretically [6] and verified experimentally [3,7]. In those designs, people usually employ a grating periodic in the radial direction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modal properties and modal control in vertically emitting annular Bragg lasers

Sun¹,

Yariv²

2007

Opt. Express

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Abstract:The modal properties, including the resonant vertical radiation, of a type of laser structures based on the annular Bragg resonance (ABR) are studied in detail. The modal threshold gains and the resonance frequencies of such lasers are obtained from the derived governing characteristic equation. Two kinds of ABR lasers, one with a π /2 phase shift in the outer grating and the other without, are analyzed. It is numerically demonstrated that, it's possible to get a large-area, high-efficiency, single defect mode lasing in ABR lasers if we choose the kind without a π /2 phase shift in the outer grating and also a device size smaller than a critical value.

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“…The circular grating structure proposed 10 and demonstrated 11 by Erdogan and Hall provides a natural twodimensional extension of the basic DFB structure. It allows feedback to be applied in all in-plane directions, and the second order grating couples the emitted radiation perpendicularly out of the surface of the sample.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The azimuthal polarization also results in a zero electrical field ͑a dark spot͒ at the center of the laser. 11 In the lasing process, many spatial modes can be excited with their mode thresholds very close to each other. 12 The fundamental mode is normally the favored one, because higher order modes do not overlap well with the gain region.…”

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confidence: 99%

Nanoimprinted circular grating distributed feedback dye laser

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2007

Applied Physics Letters

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The authors demonstrate an optically pumped surface emitting polymer dye laser fabricated by nanoimprint lithography. The laser is based on an organic dye hosted within a poly͑methylmethacrylate͒ matrix coated on a transparent substrate, and the laser cavity consists of a second order circular grating distributed feedback structure. The authors achieved lasing at 618 nm with 0.18 nm linewidth and 1.31 J/mm 2 pump threshold. The nanoimprinted solid-state dye laser offers a low-cost coherent light source for laboratory-on-chip spectroscopy systems. The laser also has a low pump threshold and a geometry well matched to light-emitting diode pump sources, which provide an interesting alternative for constructing portable polymer laser devices. Within recent years, the development of polymer dye lasers has progressed to higher levels of performance and functionality. The most attractive advantages of polymer dye lasers include low-cost processing, wide choice of emission wavelengths, and easy fabrication on flexible substrates. Several waveguide dye lasers have been studied with emission wavelengths ranging from ultraviolet to near infrared. 1 By simply changing the fluorophore doped in the polymer, these lasers can be used as the tunable sources for various applications including spectroscopy. 2 The one-dimensional ͑1D͒ distributed feedback ͑DFB͒ structure is a widely employed resonator geometry, and has been previously demonstrated for polymer lasers. 3 Operating characteristics can be significantly improved within two-dimensional structures. Here, we choose a circular grating distributed feedback structure to obtain low threshold operation, a well defined output beam, and vertical emission perpendicular to the device plane. Although, surface emitting circular grating lasers using semiconducting polymers have been previously demonstrated by Bauer et al. 4 and Turnbull et al., 5 their lasers were fabricated by depositing the organic gain material onto a prepatterned dielectric substrates, limiting the depth and the accuracy of the shape of the grating. For better geometric control, we choose nanoimprint lithography 6 as a direct patterning method. A hard mold is used to transfer patterns with high fidelity into target polymers, and this technique has become an attractive approach to define nanofabricated optical resonator structures. Conjugated polymer lasers fabricated by hot embossing have been studied by Lawrence et al., 7 and 1D DFB lasers based on organic oligomers using a room temperature nanoimprint method were reported by Pisignano et al. 8,9 In this letter, we report a circular grating distributed feedback laser fabricated on dye-doped poly͑methyl-methacrylate͒ ͑PMMA͒ films. The laser was fabricated on a glass substrate using a low-cost and manufacturable nanoimprint method. Surface emission lasing with single frequency at 618 nm and a linewidth of 0.18 nm was measured from the polymer dye laser exhibiting a threshold value of 1.31 J/mm 2 . The laser operation characteristics of circular grating resonator a...

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Circularly symmetric operation of a concentric-circle-grating, surface- emitting, AlGaAs/GaAs quantum-well semiconductor laser

Cited by 154 publications

References 10 publications

A comparative study of modal properties of surface-emitting circular bragg micro-lasers

A comparative study of modal properties of surface-emitting circular bragg micro-lasers

Modal properties and modal control in vertically emitting annular Bragg lasers

Nanoimprinted circular grating distributed feedback dye laser

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