Circulating cell‐free micro<scp>RNA</scp>s in cutaneous melanoma staging and recurrence or survival prognosis

Polini, Beatrice; Carpi, Sara; Romanini, Antonella; Breschi, Maria Cristina; Nieri, Paola; Podestà, Adriano

doi:10.1111/pcmr.12755

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 104 publications

(200 reference statements)

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“…It was thought to be a melanoma originating in the central nervous system. Circulating cell-free microRNAs (miRNAs) are thought to be involved in the regulation of gene expression and vary with cancer progression or therapeutic response [123]. Using serum samples from 33 patients with malignant melanoma before anti-PD-1 antibody therapy (Nivo or pembrolizumab), Nakahara et al measured several miRNAs [124].…”

Section: Discussion and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significance of 5-S-Cysteinyldopa as a Marker for Melanoma

Wakamatsu

Fukushima

Minagawa

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Melanoma is one of the most lethal and malignant cancers and its incidence is increasing worldwide, and Japan is not an exception. Although there are numerous therapeutic options for melanoma, the prognosis is still poor once it has metastasized. The main concern after removal of a primary melanoma is whether it has metastasized, and early detection of metastatic melanoma would be effective in improving the prognosis of patients. Thus, it is very important to identify reliable methods to detect metastases as early as possible. Although many prognostic biomarkers (mainly for metastases) of melanoma have been reported, there are very few effective for an early diagnosis. Serum and urinary biomarkers for melanoma diagnosis have especially received great interest because of the relative ease of sample collection and handling. Several serum and urinary biomarkers appear to have significant potential both as prognostic indicators and as targets for future therapeutic methods, but still there are no efficient serum and urinary biomarkers for early detection, accurate diagnosis and prognosis, efficient monitoring of the disease and reliable prediction of survival and recurrence. Levels of 5-S-cysteinyldopa (5SCD) in the serum or urine as biomarkers of melanoma have been found to be significantly elevated earlier and to reflect melanoma progression better than physical examinations, laboratory tests and imaging techniques, such as scintigraphy and echography. With recent developments in the treatment of melanoma, studies reporting combinations of 5SCD levels and new applications for the treatment of melanoma are gradually increasing. This review summarizes the usefulness of 5SCD, the most widely used and well-known melanoma marker in the serum and urine, compares 5SCD and other useful markers, and finally its application to other fields.

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Section: Discussion and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significance of 5-S-Cysteinyldopa as a Marker for Melanoma

Wakamatsu

Fukushima

Minagawa

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…MiRNAs, and particularly EV-derived miRNAs, have recently emerged in several clinical research areas as a promising novel class of biomarkers able to describe a subset of patients [16,25]. MiR-206, miR-133a-3p and miR-133a-5p, miRNA subgroups in the miR-1 family, are striated muscle-specific miRNA since their expression level is 20-fold higher than their mean expression in other tissues, and they have a significant role during skeletal muscle proliferation, differentiation and regeneration [16,26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression Analysis of Muscle-Specific miRNAs in Plasma-Derived Extracellular Vesicles from Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

et al. 2020

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short non-coding RNAs involved in the regulation of gene expression and the control of several cellular processes at physiological and pathological levels. Furthermore, extracellular vesicles (EV), which are small membrane-bound vesicles secreted by cells in the extracellular environment, contain functional miRNAs. The remarkable deregulation of many miRNAs has been demonstrated in respiratory diseases. Among them, miR-206, miR-133a-5p, and miR-133a-3p are striated muscle-specific miRNAs (myo-miRNA), related to skeletal muscle dysfunction, one of the commonest systemic manifestations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Nevertheless, their circulating expression in COPD patients is not demonstrated. For these reasons, we performed a pilot study to analyze the expression profiles of myo-miRNAs in plasma-derived EV from patients with COPD. We analyzed the expression profiles of selected myo-miRNAs in plasma-derived EV from COPD. Receiver operating characteristic analyses were carried out to evaluate whether selected plasma miRNAs were able to discriminate between different groups of COPD patients. We found EV-embedded myo-miRNAs in the bloodstream of COPD patients. Specifically, miR-206, miR-133a-5p and miR-133a-3p were significantly upregulated in group B patients. Receiver operating characteristic analyses of the combination of these selected miRNAs showed their high capacity to discriminate group B from other COPD patients. Our data provide evidence that myo-miRNA are present in EV in the plasma of COPD patients and their expression (miR-206, miR-133a-5p, and miR-133a-3p) can discriminate group B from group C patients. The future analysis of a larger number of patients should allow us to obtain more refined correlations.

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“…All these characteristics make them good blood-based biomarkers. The downfall of these molecular biomarkers consists in the analytical methods, in the normalization strategies that need standardization before entering clinical tests (Polini et al, 2019).…”

Section: Circulating Mirnas In Cutaneous Melanomamentioning

confidence: 99%

miRNAs in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Skin Cancer

Neagu

Constantin

Creţoiu

et al. 2020

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Skin cancer is, at present, the most common type of malignancy in the Caucasian population. Its incidence has increased rapidly in the last decade for both melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. Differential expression profiles of microRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported for a variety of different cancers, including skin cancers. Since miRNAs' discovery as regulators of gene expression, their importance grew in the field of oncology. miRNAs can post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression, tumor initiation, development progression, and aggressiveness. Nowadays, these short regulatory RNAs are perceived as one of the epigenetic markers for the identification of new diagnostic and/or prognostic molecular markers. Moreover, as miRNAs can drive tumorigenesis, they might eventually represent new therapy targets. Some miRNAs are pleiotropic, such as miR-214, which was found deregulated in several other tumors besides skin cancers. Some others are specific for one or more skin cancer types, like miR-21 and miR-221 for cutaneous melanoma and cutaneous squamous carcinoma or miR-155 for melanoma and cutaneous lymphoma. The goal of this review was to summarize some of the main miRNA detection technologies that are used to evaluate miRNAs in tissues and body fluids. Furthermore, their quantification limits, conformity, and robustness are discussed. Aberrant miRNA expression is analyzed for cutaneous melanoma, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC), skin lymphomas, cutaneous lymphoma, and Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). In this type of disease, miRNAs are described as potential biomarkers to diagnose early lesion and/or early metastatic disease. In the future, whether in tissue or circulating in body fluids, miRNAs will gain their place in skin cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and future therapeutic targets.

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Circulating cell‐free microRNAs in cutaneous melanoma staging and recurrence or survival prognosis

Cited by 20 publications

References 104 publications

Significance of 5-S-Cysteinyldopa as a Marker for Melanoma

Significance of 5-S-Cysteinyldopa as a Marker for Melanoma

Expression Analysis of Muscle-Specific miRNAs in Plasma-Derived Extracellular Vesicles from Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

miRNAs in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Skin Cancer

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