Circulating GLP-1 Levels as a Potential Indicator of Metabolic Syndrome Risk in Adult Women

Abstract

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), an incretin hormone, plays an important role in regulating glucose homeostasis. In this study, the applicability of circulating GLP-1 levels as an early indicator of metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk was examined. Women without diagnosed diseases were grouped according to their number of MetS risk factors (MetS RFs) (no RFs as Super-healthy, n = 61; one or two RFs as MetS risk carriers, n = 60; 3 ≤ RFs as MetS, n = 19). The circulating GLP-1 levels and homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) scores were significantly higher in the MetS group than in the other two groups. The GLP-1 levels correlated positively with adiposity, HOMA-IR, blood pressure, and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), but not with fasting glucose and lipid profiles, whose significances were maintained after adjustments for age, smoking and drinking habits, menopausal status, and total calorie intake. The GLP-1 levels also increased proportionally with the number of MetS RFs. In the MetS group, the GLP-1 levels were much higher in individuals with obesity (body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2). In conclusion, the circulating GLP-1 level may be applicable as a potential early indicator of MetS risk in women without diagnosed diseases. Further study with a large population is needed to confirm the conclusion.

Enterohepatic Takeda G-Protein Coupled Receptor 5 Agonism in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease and Related Glucose Dysmetabolism

“…We anticipated an increased secretion of GLP-1 [6,18,19,38] but, surprisingly, neither INT-777 nor RO5527239 modulated plasmatic concentration of GLP-1 in treated foz/foz mice. HFD-fed foz/foz mice with fasting hyperglycemia and severe hyperinsulinemia have GLP-1 levels higher than controls, which is in line with the study of Seon et al reporting that GLP-1 levels correlated with fasting insulinemia in adult with metabolic syndrome [39]. It is possible that further TGR5 stimulation would not further increase GLP-1 synthesis and secretion.…”

Impact of semaglutide on high-sensitivity C-reactive protein: exploratory patient-level analyses of SUSTAIN and PIONEER randomized clinical trials

“…The CV outcomes trials, SUSTAIN 6 and PIONEER 6, which were part of these programs, demonstrated CV benefits with s.c. semaglutide and CV non-inferiority with oral semaglutide vs placebo, respectively [ 14 , 15 ]. Although there have been several studies with GLP-1RAs demonstrating a significant reduction in hsCRP [ 16 , 17 ], the impact of semaglutide on hsCRP has yet to be fully elucidated.…”

A Synbiotic Formulation Comprising Bacillus subtilis DSM 32315 and L-Alanyl-L-Glutamine Improves Intestinal Butyrate Levels and Lipid Metabolism in Healthy Humans

“…Importantly, most studies on satiety hormones assess their post-prandial levels or release, which is attenuated in metabolic disorders compared to a healthy status. In the fasting state, however, people with normal glucose tolerance had significantly lower GLP-1 plasma concentrations than people with T2D [ 40 , 41 ]. In a case-control study, GLP-1 levels were positively correlated with metabolic syndrome traits [ 41 ], whereas fasting GLP-1 was reduced in obese subjects following weight-loss diets [ 42 , 43 ].…”

“…In the fasting state, however, people with normal glucose tolerance had significantly lower GLP-1 plasma concentrations than people with T2D [ 40 , 41 ]. In a case-control study, GLP-1 levels were positively correlated with metabolic syndrome traits [ 41 ], whereas fasting GLP-1 was reduced in obese subjects following weight-loss diets [ 42 , 43 ]. However, weight was not a parameter of our study and participants were instructed not to change their lifestyle including dietary habits during the course of the study.…”