Circulating Haptoglobin and Metabolic Syndrome in Renal Transplant Recipients

Abstract

Haptoglobin (Hp) is an acute phase protein that has recently been linked to components of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). We aimed to evaluate Hp as marker of MetS, and to assess its association with long-term outcome in renal transplant recipients (RTR). We measured plasma Hp in a prospective cohort of 699 stable RTR and 149 healthy controls. Median plasma Hp concentration in RTR was 1.4 [interquartile range (IQR), 1.0–1.8] g/L, which was higher compared to 1.1 [0.9–1.4] g/L in controls (P < 0.001). Hp was independently associated with the MetS (β = 0.10) (P = 0.005). During follow-up of 5.4 [4.8–6.1] years, 150 (21%) recipients died, of whom 60 (9%) due to cardiovascular causes, and 83 (12%) RTR developed graft failure. High (≥2.0 g/L) and low (≤0.9 g/L) plasma Hp were associated with increased risk of mortality (HR’s 2.3 [1.3–4.1] and 1.9 [1.0–3.5], resp.), predominantly cardiovascular. The association of high Hp lost significance upon adjustment for inflammation markers (HR 1.5 [0.8–2.7]), while low Hp was independently associated with mortality (HR 2.2 [1.2–4.0]). Hp was not associated with graft failure (P = 0.49). In conclusion, plasma Hp is independently associated with MetS in RTR. Importantly, high and low Hp are associated with increased mortality risk, independent of MetS.

Torquetenovirus Serum Load and Long-Term Outcomes in Renal Transplant Recipients

“…This cohort study was based on a previously described set of 706 renal transplant recipients [14,15]. Included were patients (aged ≥ 18 years) who visited the outpatient clinic of the University Medical Centre Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands, between November 2008 and June 2011, and who had a graft that had been functioning for at least one year with no history of alcohol and/or drug addiction.…”

Evolving Concepts on Inflammatory Biomarkers and Malnutrition in Chronic Kidney Disease

“…Previous studies have shown haptoglobin production by adipocytes from white adipose tissue, induced by proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α. These studies may indicate that haptoglobin could be a proinflammatory factor in situations without intravascular hemolysis, independently of other acute phase reactants such as CRP, procalcitonin, or albumin [ 67 ].…”

Haptoglobin polymorphism modulates cardiometabolic impacts of four consecutive weeks, dawn to sunset Ramadan intermittent fasting among subjects with overweight/obesity

“…Several studies have shown that the pro-in ammation characteristics of serum Hp [30,49], and the anti-in ammation activity of CD163 [50] altered in response to different Hp polymorphisms. These ndings were consistent with our previous study that showed RIF had an ameliorating effect on proin ammatory cytokines and in enhancing the anti-in ammatory response [12,45,51].…”