Circulating insulin-like growth factor-1 and risk of lung diseases: A Mendelian randomization analysis

Jiang, Sujing; Xu, Zhiyong; Shi, Yujun; Liang, Sibei; Jiang, Xinyuan; Xiao, Mingshu; Wang, Kai; Ding, Liren

doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1126397

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…We employed clumping method within a genomic window of 10 megabases to identify independent IVs that exhibited low levels of linkage disequilibrium, denoted by an R 2 value below 0.001, as reported previously. [36–38] Consistent with prior research findings, we restricted our analysis to IVs possessing minor allele frequencies exceeding 0.01. We calculated F-statistics as indicators of IV strength; values above or equal to ten signified minimal susceptibility to weak instrument bias.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Assessing causal associations of bile acids with obesity indicators: A Mendelian randomization study

Huang,

Xu,

Chen

et al. 2024

Medicine

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Maintaining a balanced bile acids (BAs) metabolism is essential for lipid and cholesterol metabolism, as well as fat intake and absorption. The development of obesity may be intricately linked to BAs and their conjugated compounds. Our study aims to assess how BAs influence the obesity indicators by Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Instrumental variables of 5 BAs were obtained from public genome-wide association study databases, and 8 genome-wide association studies related to obesity indicators were used as outcomes. Causal inference analysis utilized inverse-variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, and MR-Egger methods. Sensitivity analysis involved MR-PRESSO and leave-one-out techniques to detect pleiotropy and outliers. Horizontal pleiotropy and heterogeneity were assessed using the MR-Egger intercept and Cochran Q statistic, respectively. The IVW analysis revealed an odds ratio of 0.94 (95% confidence interval: 0.88, 1.00; P = .05) for the association between glycolithocholate (GLCA) and obesity, indicating a marginal negative causal association. Consistent direction of the estimates obtained from the weighted median and MR-Egger methods was observed in the analysis of the association between GLCA and obesity. Furthermore, the IVW analysis demonstrated a suggestive association between GLCA and trunk fat percentage, with a beta value of −0.014 (95% confidence interval: −0.027, −0.0004; P = .04). Our findings suggest a potential negative causal relationship between GLCA and both obesity and trunk fat percentage, although no association survived corrections for multiple comparisons. These results indicate a trend towards a possible association between BAs and obesity, emphasizing the need for future studies.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Assessing causal associations of bile acids with obesity indicators: A Mendelian randomization study

Huang,

Xu,

Chen

et al. 2024

Medicine

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“…Insulin treatment has a direct effect on the lungs by inducing prostaglandin-mediated contraction of airway smooth muscle [ 21 ]. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) appears to play an important role in lung disease, but circulating IGF-1 has been reported to be associated with a lower risk of airway hyperresponsiveness [ 22 ]. Using insulin is likely to cause hypoglycemia and weight gain [ 8 , 23 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory Outcomes of Insulin Use in Patients with COPD: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study

Yen¹,

Chang

Wei

et al. 2023

Pharmaceuticals

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Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with severe hyperglycemia may require insulin to lower glucose levels in people with coexisting type 2 diabetes (T2D) and COPD. We conducted this study to examine the risk of hospitalization for COPD, pneumonia, ventilator use, lung cancer, hypoglycemia, and mortality with and without insulin use in people with T2D and COPD. We adopted propensity-score-matching to identify 2370 paired insulin users and non-users from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2018. Cox proportional hazards models and the Kaplan–Meier method were utilized to compare the risk of outcomes between study and control groups. The mean follow-up for insulin users and non-users was 6.65 and 6.37 years. Compared with no insulin use, insulin use was associated with a significantly increased risk of hospitalization for COPD (aHR 1.7), bacterial pneumonia (aHR 2.42), non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (aHR 5.05), invasive mechanical ventilation (aHR 2.72), and severe hypoglycemia (aHR 4.71), but with no significant difference in the risk of death. This nationwide cohort study showed that patients with T2D and COPD requiring insulin therapy may have an increased risk of acute COPD exacerbations, pneumonia, ventilator use, and severe hypoglycemia without a significant increase in the risk of death.

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“…The insulin-like growth factor has a significant role in pulmonary fibrosis progression ( Kheirollahi et al, 2022 ). Composed of 70 amino acids, IGF-1 chiefly mediates a range of biological functions, including cell division, differentiation, apoptosis, and metabolism ( Jensen-Cody and Potthoff, 2021 ; Jiang et al, 2023 ). IGF-1 is postulated to facilitate fibroblast proliferation, migration, and differentiation, augmenting the ability of fibroblasts to synthesize fibronectin and collagen, thereby boosting ECM deposition ( Renaud et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in understanding and treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: recent insights and emerging therapies

et al. 2023

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Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a long-lasting, continuously advancing, and irrevocable interstitial lung disorder with an obscure origin and inadequately comprehended pathological mechanisms. Despite the intricate and uncharted causes and pathways of IPF, the scholarly consensus upholds that the transformation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts—instigated by injury to the alveolar epithelial cells—and the disproportionate accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, such as collagen, are integral to IPF’s progression. The introduction of two novel anti-fibrotic medications, pirfenidone and nintedanib, have exhibited efficacy in decelerating the ongoing degradation of lung function, lessening hospitalization risk, and postponing exacerbations among IPF patients. Nonetheless, these pharmacological interventions do not present a definitive solution to IPF, positioning lung transplantation as the solitary potential curative measure in contemporary medical practice. A host of innovative therapeutic strategies are presently under rigorous scrutiny. This comprehensive review encapsulates the recent advancements in IPF research, spanning from diagnosis and etiology to pathological mechanisms, and introduces a discussion on nascent therapeutic methodologies currently in the pipeline.

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Circulating insulin-like growth factor-1 and risk of lung diseases: A Mendelian randomization analysis

Cited by 10 publications

References 36 publications

Assessing causal associations of bile acids with obesity indicators: A Mendelian randomization study

Assessing causal associations of bile acids with obesity indicators: A Mendelian randomization study

Respiratory Outcomes of Insulin Use in Patients with COPD: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study

Progress in understanding and treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: recent insights and emerging therapies

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