Circulating Microparticles Reflect Treatment Effects and Clinical Status in Multiple Sclerosis

Sáenz-Cuesta, Matías; Irizar, Haritz; Castillo-Triviño, Tamara; Muñoz-Culla, Maider; Osorio-Querejeta, Iñaki; Prada, Álvaro; Sepúlveda, Lucía; López-Mato, María P; Munáin, Adolfo López de; Comabella, Manuel; Villar, Luisa M.; Olascoaga, Javier; Otaegui, David

doi:10.2217/bmm.14.9

Cited by 87 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Consistent with the role of microglia-derived microvesicles in propagating inflammatory responses, patients with acute MS have increased numbers of microvesicles in blood and cerebrospinal fluid. In addition, the injection of microglia-derived microvesicles into the brains of mice with subclinical experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (a model of MS) led to the recruitment of inflammatory cells to the injection site 85,90 . Microglia-derived microvesicles also affect sphingosine metabolism (BOX 2) in responsive cells.…”

Section: Evs In Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular vesicles round off communication in the nervous system

2016

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Functional neural competence and integrity require interactive exchanges among sensory and motor neurons, interneurons and glial cells. Recent studies have attributed some of the tasks needed for these exchanges to extracellular vesicles (such as exosomes and microvesicles), which are most prominently involved in shuttling reciprocal signals between myelinating glia and neurons, thus promoting neuronal survival, the immune response mediated by microglia, and synapse assembly and plasticity. Such vesicles have also been identified as important factors in the spread of neurodegenerative disorders and brain cancer. These extracellular vesicle functions add a previously unrecognized level of complexity to transcellular interactions within the nervous system.

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Section: Evs In Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular vesicles round off communication in the nervous system

2016

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“…EVs with the ability to increase the number of Tregs can be isolated from breast milk (52, 53) and colostrum. loproteinase activity in the EVs (77)(78)(79). These MS EVs could be at least partially responsible for the initial breakdown of the bloodbrain barrier that is necessary for MS.…”

Section: Immune Regulation By Circulating Endogenous Evsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of chronic inflammatory and immune processes by extracellular vesicles

Robbins

Dorronsoro

Booker

2016

Journal of Clinical Investigation

236

195

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“…Knowledge regarding the role of platelets in the development and severity of various disorders of central nervous system beyond thrombosis continues to emerge, but the role of platelets in multiple sclerosis appears to be neglected. There is a link between platelets and pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis (MS), and platelets may be key players in this disease (Starossom et al 2015, Morel et al 2015, Marcos-Ramiro et al 2014, Sáenz-Cuesta et al 2014. Understanding the role of platelets in MS seems to be essential for improved therapy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The physiology of blood platelets and changes of their biological activities in multiple sclerosis

Wachowicz¹,

Morel²,

Miller³

et al. 2016

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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Increasing evidence indicates that blood platelets contribute to diverse processes that extend beyond hemostasis. Many of the same mechanisms that play a role in hemostasis and thrombosis facilitate platelets the participation in other physiological and pathological processes, particularly in the inflammation, the immune response and central nervous system disorders. Platelets are involved in pathophysiology of central nervous system diseases, especially in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis, but their role appears to be neglected. Platelets contribute to the inflammation and cooperate with immune cells in inflammatory and immune responses. These blood cells were identified in inflamed spinal cord and in the brain in chronic active lesions of multiple sclerosis and in the related animal models referred as Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. This review summarizes recent insights in the platelet activation accompanied by the exocytosis of bioactive compounds stored in granules, formation of platelet microparticles, expression of specific membrane receptors, synthesis of numerous biomediators, generation of free radicals, and introduces the mechanisms by which activated platelets may be involved in the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis. Understanding the role of platelets in multiple sclerosis may be essential for improved therapies.

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Circulating Microparticles Reflect Treatment Effects and Clinical Status in Multiple Sclerosis

Abstract: We suggest that MPs play a role in MS pathogenesis, reflecting disease status with an increment of their shedding during inflammatory periods and turning to baseline during chronic progressive degeneration.

Cited by 87 publications

References 22 publications

Extracellular vesicles round off communication in the nervous system

Extracellular vesicles round off communication in the nervous system

Regulation of chronic inflammatory and immune processes by extracellular vesicles

The physiology of blood platelets and changes of their biological activities in multiple sclerosis

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