“…According to the systems biology approach, one of the pillars of precision medicine, a comprehensive evaluation, encompassing multiple pathophysiological mechanisms at different biological levels is needed to fully untangle the dynamics of AD and inform therapeutic decision-making at the individual level. miRNA-, mRNA-and protein-based gene expression alterations and patterns, AD-relevant DNA mutations, pro-inflammatory biomarkers, such as the novel flood of inflammatory cytokines contributing to the cytokine storm in AD, Aβ40-and Aβ42-peptide load in the ECF, CSF and blood serum, combined with data from MRI-and PETbased neuroimaging, familial and clinical history and lifestyle factors could be extremely useful in improving diagnosis and prognosis of AD onset and development and perhaps, even the susceptibility to AD initiation and/or development (Zhao et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2017;Frost et al, 2019;Hampel et al, 2019;Juźwik et al, 2019;Swarbrick et al, 2019;Adams et al, 2020;Condrat et al, 2020;Hampel et al, 2020a,b;Serpente et al, 2020;Turner et al, 2020;Wang and Zhang, 2020;.…”