Circulating miR-221 Expression Level and Prognosis of Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma

Li, Ping; He, Qing-Yu; Luo, C; Liu, Qian

doi:10.12659/msm.891327

Cited by 41 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Later on, serum miR-221 was investigated by another group as well using RT-qPCR. Circulating miR-221 was also found significantly increased in patients' sera and identified as an independent prognosticator of worse outcome, reinforcing the previously published data (Li et al, 2014). Another group has investigated 355 miRNAs in the sera of melanoma patients using qRT-PCR technology.…”

Section: Circulating Mirnas In Cutaneous Melanomasupporting

confidence: 77%

miRNAs in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Skin Cancer

Neagu

Constantin

Creţoiu

et al. 2020

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Skin cancer is, at present, the most common type of malignancy in the Caucasian population. Its incidence has increased rapidly in the last decade for both melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. Differential expression profiles of microRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported for a variety of different cancers, including skin cancers. Since miRNAs' discovery as regulators of gene expression, their importance grew in the field of oncology. miRNAs can post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression, tumor initiation, development progression, and aggressiveness. Nowadays, these short regulatory RNAs are perceived as one of the epigenetic markers for the identification of new diagnostic and/or prognostic molecular markers. Moreover, as miRNAs can drive tumorigenesis, they might eventually represent new therapy targets. Some miRNAs are pleiotropic, such as miR-214, which was found deregulated in several other tumors besides skin cancers. Some others are specific for one or more skin cancer types, like miR-21 and miR-221 for cutaneous melanoma and cutaneous squamous carcinoma or miR-155 for melanoma and cutaneous lymphoma. The goal of this review was to summarize some of the main miRNA detection technologies that are used to evaluate miRNAs in tissues and body fluids. Furthermore, their quantification limits, conformity, and robustness are discussed. Aberrant miRNA expression is analyzed for cutaneous melanoma, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC), skin lymphomas, cutaneous lymphoma, and Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). In this type of disease, miRNAs are described as potential biomarkers to diagnose early lesion and/or early metastatic disease. In the future, whether in tissue or circulating in body fluids, miRNAs will gain their place in skin cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and future therapeutic targets.

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Section: Circulating Mirnas In Cutaneous Melanomasupporting

confidence: 77%

miRNAs in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Skin Cancer

Neagu

Constantin

Creţoiu

et al. 2020

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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“…One of the advantages of miRNAs as potential biomarkers is their high stability in body fluids, enabling their use as non invasive diagnostic and prognostic tools. Increased circulating levels of some of the microRNAs that we identified in our study have been found to be differentially expressed in patients affected by other tumor types, including breast (miR-21), esophageal (miR-21), gastric (miR-21) and lung cancer (miR-221), melanoma (miR-221), hepatocellular carcinoma (miR-21 and miR-221) [ 12 , 18 , 20 – 22 , 60 ]. Hence, extrapolating these miRNAs as exclusive diagnostic biomarkers of ICC in the general population might prove to be inaccurate, especially to differentiate ICC and hepatocellular tumors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Circulating Plasma Levels of MicroRNA-21 and MicroRNA-221 Are Potential Diagnostic Markers for Primary Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma

et al. 2016

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BackgroundMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are potential biomarkers in various malignancies. We aim to characterize miRNA expression in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) and identify circulating plasma miRNAs with potential diagnostic and prognostic utility.MethodsUsing deep-sequencing techniques, miRNA expression between tumor samples and non-neoplastic liver parenchyma were compared. Overexpressed miRNAs were measured in plasma from an independent cohort of patients with cholangiocarcinoma using RT-qPCR and compared with that healthy volunteers. The discriminatory ability of the evaluated plasma miRNAs between patients and controls was evaluated with receiving operating characteristic (ROC) curves.ResultsSmall RNAs from 12 ICC and 11 tumor-free liver samples were evaluated. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering using the miRNA expression data showed clear grouping of ICC vs. non-neoplastic liver parenchyma. We identified 134 down-regulated and 128 upregulated miRNAs. Based on overexpression and high fold-change, miR21, miR200b, miR221, and miR34c were measured in plasma from an independent cohort of patients with ICC (n = 25) and healthy controls (n = 7). Significant overexpression of miR-21 and miR-221 was found in plasma from ICC patients. Furthermore, circulating miR-21 demonstrated a high discriminatory ability between patients with ICC and healthy controls (AUC: 0.94).ConclusionAmong the differentially expressed miRNAs in ICC, miR-21 and miR-221 are overexpressed and detectable in the circulation. Plasma expression levels of these miRNAs, particularly miR-21, accurately differentiates patients with ICC from healthy controls and could potentially serve as adjuncts in diagnosis. Prospective validation and comparison with other hepatobiliary malignancies is required to establish their potential role as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.

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“…It has been described that this miRNA is increased in the serum of melanoma patients and elevation of this miRNA is a predictor of poor 5-year survival. 31 , 41 Mechanistically, miR-221 appears to inhibit p27. Melanoma cells treated with interferon β led to the downregulation of miR-221 and subsequent upregulation of p27.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA profiling of patient plasma for clinical trials using bioinformatics and biostatistical approaches

Markowitz

Abrams

Jacob

et al. 2016

OTT

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BackgroundMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNAs that function to repress translation of mRNA transcripts and contribute to the development of cancer. We hypothesized that miRNA array-based technologies work best for miRNA profiling of patient-derived plasma samples when the techniques and patient populations are precisely defined.MethodsPlasma samples were obtained from five sources: melanoma clinical trial of interferon and bortezomib (12), purchased normal donor plasma samples (four), gastrointestinal tumor bank (nine), melanoma tumor bank (ten), or aged-matched normal donors (eight) for the tumor bank samples. Plasma samples were purified for miRNAs and quantified using NanoString® arrays or by the company Exiqon. Standard biostatistical array approaches were utilized for data analysis and compared to a rank-based analytical approach.ResultsWith the prospectively collected samples, fewer plasma samples demonstrated visible hemolysis due to increased attention to eliminating factors, such as increased pressure during phlebotomy, small gauge needles, and multiple punctures. Cancer patients enrolled in a melanoma clinical study exhibited the clearest pattern of miRNA expression as compared to normal donors in both the rank-based analytical method and standard biostatistical array approaches. For the patients from the tumor banks, fewer miRNAs (<5) were found to be differentially expressed and the false positive rate was relatively high.ConclusionIn order to obtain consistent results for NanoString miRNA arrays, it is imperative that patient cohorts have similar clinical characteristics with a uniform sample preparation procedure. A clinical workflow has been optimized to collect patient samples to study plasma miRNAs.

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Circulating miR-221 Expression Level and Prognosis of Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma

Cited by 41 publications

References 29 publications

miRNAs in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Skin Cancer

miRNAs in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Skin Cancer

Circulating Plasma Levels of MicroRNA-21 and MicroRNA-221 Are Potential Diagnostic Markers for Primary Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma

MicroRNA profiling of patient plasma for clinical trials using bioinformatics and biostatistical approaches

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