Circulating triacylglycerol and apoE levels in response to EPA and docosahexaenoic acid supplementation in adult human subjects

Buckley, Richard; Shewring, Bethan; Turner, Rufus; Yaqoob, Parveen; Minihane, Anne Marie

doi:10.1079/bjn20041235

Cited by 103 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…19 The proportion of DHA:EPA may also be important, but although they cannot be regarded as equivalent, there is no consensus over the optimal ratio. 21,[35][36][37] We cannot attribute lack of effect to poor adherence, which was good when estimated from capsule counts and serum phospholipids. Other potential explanations include the relatively short 12-week intervention period and the moderately elevated baseline triglycerides.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Effects of Moderate-Dose Omega-3 Fish Oil on Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Mood After Ischemic Stroke

Poppitt

Howe

Lithander

et al. 2009

Stroke

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Background and Purpose-Fish-derived omega-3 fatty acids have long been associated with cardiovascular protection. In this trial, we assessed whether treatment with a guideline-recommended moderate-dose fish oil supplement could improve cardiovascular biomarkers, mood-and health-related quality of life in patients with ischemic stroke. Methods-Patients with CT-confirmed stroke were randomized to 3 g/day encapsulated fish oil containing approximately 1.2 g total omega-3 (0.7 g docosahexaenoic acid; 0.3 g eicosapentaenoic acid) or placebo oil (combination palm and soy) taken daily over 12 weeks. Serum triglycerides, total cholesterol and associated lipoproteins, selected inflammatory and hemostatic markers, mood, and health-related quality of life were assessed at baseline and follow-up. The primary outcome was change in triglycerides. Compliance was assessed by capsule count and serum phospholipid omega-3 levels (Australian Clinical Trials Registration: ACTRN12605000207617). Results-One hundred two patients were randomized to fish oil or placebo. Intention-to-treat and per-protocol (Ͼ85% compliance) analyses showed no significant effect of fish oil treatment on any lipid, inflammatory, hemostatic, or composite mood parameters measured. Adherence to treatment based on pill count was good (89%) reflected by increased serum docosahexanoic acid (PϽ0.001) and eicosapentaenoic acid (Pϭ0.0006) in the fish oil group. Analysis of oil composition, however, showed some degradation and potentially adverse oxidation products at the end of the study. Conclusions-There was no effect of 12 weeks of treatment with moderate-dose fish oil supplements on cardiovascular biomarkers or mood in patients with ischemic stroke. It is possible that insufficient dose, short duration of treatment, and/or oxidation of the fish oils may have influenced these outcomes. (Stroke. 2009;40:3485-3492.)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Effects of Moderate-Dose Omega-3 Fish Oil on Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Mood After Ischemic Stroke

Poppitt

Howe

Lithander

et al. 2009

Stroke

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“…Moreover, a study comparing the effects of EPA rich oil versus DHA rich oil on circulating plasma triglyceride levels in humans found that the DHA rich oil was more effective than EPA rich oil and remained significant when compared to the olive-oil placebo group, whereas the EPA rich oil did not (28). Interestingly, the authors pointed out that the DHA rich oil contained a 6 fold greater amount of DPA than the EPA rich oil, but the hypotriglyceridaemic effect of DPA was unknown and that it warranted further study (28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, the authors pointed out that the DHA rich oil contained a 6 fold greater amount of DPA than the EPA rich oil, but the hypotriglyceridaemic effect of DPA was unknown and that it warranted further study (28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Seal Oil to Tuna Oil on Plasma Lipid Levels and Blood Pressure in Hypertriglyceridaemic Subjects

Meyer

Lane

Mann

2009

Lipids

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Comparison of seal oil to tuna oil on plasma lipid levels and blood pressure in hypertriglyceridaemic subjects AbstractAs meat is a rich source of the omega-3 fatty acid docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and Australians consume six times more meat than fish, investigation of the potential health benefit of DPA is warranted. The aims were to compare the effects of seal oil supplementation with fish oil, on measures of plasma lipids and blood pressure in hypertriglyceridaemic subjects. Forty-eight volunteers were recruited from the Wollongong community and were randomly allocated to one of three groups either receiving 1 g/day of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA) using one of three oils: seal oil capsules (340 mg eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), 230 mg DPA, 450 mg DHA), fish oil capsules (210 mg EPA, 30 mg DPA, 810 mg DHA) or placebo capsules (containing sunola oil) for 6 weeks. Plasma triglycerides remained unchanged in the placebo group, whilst reductions of 7 and 14% (P\0.05) were seen in the fish oil and seal oil groups respectively. Systolic blood pressure improved by 8 and 5 mmHg with seal oil and fish oil respectively (P\0.05). The mean arterial pressure was significantly lower after seal oil supplementation (P\0.005) compared with the placebo group. These results indicate that seal oil is as effective as fish oil in lowering plasma triglycerides and blood pressure. AbstractAs meat is a rich source of the omega-3 fatty acid docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and Australians consume 6 times more meat than fish, investigation of the potential health benefit of DPA is warranted. The aims were to compare the effects of seal oil supplementation with fish oil, on measures of plasma lipids and blood pressure in hypertriglyceridaemic subjects. Forty-eight volunteers were recruited from the Wollongong community and were randomly allocated to one of three groups receiving 1g/d of long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA) using one of three oils: seal oil capsules (340mg eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), 230mg DPA, 450mg DHA), fish oil capsules (210mg EPA, 30mg DPA, 810mg DHA) or placebo capsules (containing sunola oil) for 6 weeks. Plasma triglycerides remained unchanged in the placebo group, whilst reductions of 7% and 14% (p<0.05) were seen in the fish oil and seal oil groups respectively. Systolic blood pressure improved by 8 and 5 mmHg with seal oil and fish oil respectively (p<0.05).The mean arterial pressure was significantly lower after seal oil supplementation (p<0.005) compared with the placebo group. These results indicate that seal oil is as effective as fish oil in lowering plasma triglycerides and blood pressure.

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“…On one occasion, volunteers received 7.2 g of fish oil (1.2 g eicosapentaenoic acid and 0.8 g docasahexaenoic acid; Biorganic Omega-3, Gisand, Bern, Switzerland) per day for 28 days. It has been documented that such supplementation with fish oils leads to marked increases in n-3 fatty acids in serum phospholipids (10,11). On another occasion, subjects ingested 3 g of fructose (D-Fructose; Fluka Chemie Gmbh, Buchs, Switzerland) per kilogram of body weight per day (high-fructose diet) as a 20% fructose solution with the three main meals during the 6 days before the test.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Fructose Overfeeding and Fish Oil Administration on Hepatic De Novo Lipogenesis and Insulin Sensitivity in Healthy Men

et al. 2005

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High-fructose diet stimulates hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) and causes hypertriglyceridemia and insulin resistance in rodents. Fructose-induced insulin resistance may be secondary to alterations of lipid metabolism. In contrast, fish oil supplementation decreases triglycerides and may improve insulin resistance. Therefore, we studied the effect of high-fructose diet and fish oil on DNL and VLDL triglycerides and their impact on insulin resistance. Seven normal men were studied on four occasions: after fish oil (7.2 g/day) for 28 days; a 6-day high-fructose diet (corresponding to an extra 25% of total calories); fish oil plus high-fructose diet; and control conditions. Following each condition, fasting fractional DNL and endogenous glucose production (EGP) were evaluated using [1-13 C]sodium acetate and 6,6-2 H 2 glucose and a two-step hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp was performed to assess insulin sensitivity. High-fructose diet significantly increased fasting glycemia (7 ؎ 2%), triglycerides (79 ؎ 22%), fractional DNL (sixfold), and EGP (14 ؎ 3%, all P < 0.05). It also impaired insulin-induced suppression of adipose tissue lipolysis and EGP (P < 0.05) but had no effect on wholebody insulin-mediated glucose disposal. Fish oil significantly decreased triglycerides (37%, P < 0.05) after high-fructose diet compared with high-fructose diet without fish oil and tended to reduce DNL but had no other significant effect. In conclusion, high-fructose diet induced dyslipidemia and hepatic and adipose tissue insulin resistance. Fish oil reversed dyslipidemia but not insulin resistance. Diabetes

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Circulating triacylglycerol and apoE levels in response to EPA and docosahexaenoic acid supplementation in adult human subjects

Cited by 103 publications

References 40 publications

Effects of Moderate-Dose Omega-3 Fish Oil on Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Mood After Ischemic Stroke

Effects of Moderate-Dose Omega-3 Fish Oil on Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Mood After Ischemic Stroke

Comparison of Seal Oil to Tuna Oil on Plasma Lipid Levels and Blood Pressure in Hypertriglyceridaemic Subjects

Effect of Fructose Overfeeding and Fish Oil Administration on Hepatic De Novo Lipogenesis and Insulin Sensitivity in Healthy Men

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