Circulating vitamin C and D concentrations and risk of dental caries and periodontitis: A Mendelian randomization study

Hu, Zhao; Zhou, Feixiang; Xu, Huilan

doi:10.1111/jcpe.13598

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Our results confirm the recent MR findings that no causal link is present between 25(OH)D and periodontitis (Baumeister et al, 2021). And the recent MR study of the causal relationship between vitamin D and periodontitis supports our conclusions (Z. Hu et al, 2022). However, our analysis provides more solid evidence than the previous study because our study includes various sensitivity methods to preclude the possibility of bias from horizontal pleiotropy and uses a bi‐directional MR method to eliminate reverse causality between periodontitis and 25(OH)D concentration.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Association between circulating 25‐hydroxyvitamin D metabolites and periodontitis: Results from the NHANES 2009–2012 and Mendelian randomization study

Zheng

et al. 2022

J Clinic Periodontology

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Aim: This study sought to investigate associations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH) D) metabolites with periodontitis and to assess causality using Mendelian randomization (MR). Materials and Methods: This study included 7246 participants of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009-2012. The association of periodontitis with 25(OH)D metabolites was assessed using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Two-sample MR for 25(OH)D, 25(OH)D 3 , and C3-epi-25(OH)D 3 with periodontitis (n = 17,353 cases/28,210 controls) was conducted. The principal analysis employed the inverse-variance-weighted (IVW) approach. We controlled for horizontal pleiotropy using five additional methods. Results: Based on the observational study, each 1-point increase in standard deviation of 25(OH)D lowered the risk of periodontitis by 15% (OR = 0.85, 95%confidence interval [CI]: 0.78-0.93, p = .006) after multivariable adjustment. A similar relationship was observed between 25(OH)D 3 and periodontitis (OR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.80-0.97, p = .031). Furthermore, a potential non-linear association was found between periodontitis and both 25(OH)D and 25(OH)D 3 .However, C3-epi-25(OH)D 3 was not found to be associated with periodontitis risk. IVW-MR showed that periodontitis risk was not significantly associated with genetically increased levels of 25(OH)D (OR = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.90-1.16, p = .732), 25(OH)D 3 (OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 0.93-1.17, p = .472), or C3-epi-25 (OH)D 3 (OR = 1.11, 95% CI: 0.87-1.41, p = .400). The pleiotropy-robust MR approaches yielded similar results after we had eliminated the variants with horizontal pleiotropy risk.Conclusions: Cross-sectional observational analysis identified significant relationships between periodontitis with 25(OH)D metabolites, while findings based on MR study did not support a causal role.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Association between circulating 25‐hydroxyvitamin D metabolites and periodontitis: Results from the NHANES 2009–2012 and Mendelian randomization study

Zheng

et al. 2022

J Clinic Periodontology

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“…However, we have found very close average values in the incidence of dental caries related to overweight and obesity groups. These results are in full compliance with the studies of Hujoel P. et al [9] and Hu Z. et al [19]. Although, the intake of vitamins (including vitamin D) is often recommended as a protective measure against oral diseases and dental caries, there is currently no persuasive evidence of their protective function in terms of dental caries in adults.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…The main factors related to the increased caries incidence in overweight patients are those resulting from nutritional habits as: frequent meals, excessive consumption of fermentable carbohydrates in the food, including carbonated beverages, eating of unhealthy and high-calorie and cariogenic foods [18]. On the other hand, the concentration in the saliva of some micronutrients, such as vitamin D, has a suppressive eff ect on bacterial metabolism and dental plaque maturation [19]. Thus, they could have a protective eff ect on the dental surface demineralization [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Intake of Vitamin D and Dental Caries Incidence in People with Overweight and Obesity

Stoichkov¹,

Doichinova²,

Bakurdjiev³

et al. 2023

Acta Medica Bulgarica

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Aims The aims of the present study are to investigate the relationship between the anthropometric indicators and peculiarities of the nutritional intake in people with overweight and obesity and the risk factors for the development of dental caries in adults. Materials and Methods The study involved 264 individuals aged between 18 and 60 years. The following risk factors for the development of dental caries were traced: diet (carbohydrate intake), oral hygiene habits and social status in overweight and obese people. The dental caries incidence was determined through the DMFT index, by assessing the total number of teeth which are decayed (D), missing (M) due to caries, or filled (treated, F). Results The age-related distribution was as follows: from 18 to 25 years – 14.4%; from 25 to 35 years – 16.7%; from 35 to 50 years – 42.4%; and over 50 years – 26.5%. The established average BMI was 25.60 ± 4.359, with the lowest and highest measured values – 18.5 and 37.55, respectively. The value of DMFT was 12.55 ± 5.545. A direct correlation between the elevated incidence of dental caries in patients with overweight and obesity was revealed. No significant relationship was found between the decreased nutritional intake of vitamin D and the incidence of dental caries in individuals with Class I and Class II obesity. Conclusion Dental caries and obesity have a similar etiology – improper dietary habits, excessive consumption of foods containing low molecular weight carbohydrates and carbonated beverages. The reported higher levels of dental caries in these groups could be explained by an improper diet and more frequent snacking.

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“…Mendelian randomization studies showed no causal relationship between dental caries and vitamin D [50]. However, the present study showed no statistical difference in the serum concentrations of 25-OH-VitD between the caries-free and dental caries groups among adolescents.…”

Section: P Valuescontrasting

confidence: 67%

The Relationship between Dental Caries, Bone Mineral Density, and Bone Metabolism among Adolescents

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: Bone development, particularly important during adolescence, can be affected by a variety of factors that can lead to the development of bone diseases such as osteoporosis or fractures. Whether dental caries is related to skeletal status, or whether lack of calcium affects the teeth, is always the question that clinical patients want to have answered. The present study was aimed to compare the bone mineral density and bone metabolism of adolescents with and without dental caries. Methods: Adolescents were enrolled in the dental caries and caries-free groups, respectively. A questionnaire and clinical oral examination in terms of DMFT scores were conducted. Bone mineral density (BMD) was tested and peripheral blood was collected for bone metabolism assessment. Results: 119 and 140 adolescents were included in the dental caries and caries-free groups. The mean BMD and Z-score of the two groups showed no statistically significant difference. Serum concentrations of ALP, bone alkaline phosphatase, N-terminal osteocalcin, peptide of type I procollagen, and β-cross-linked C-telopeptide of type 1 collagen levels in the dental caries group were significantly lower than in the caries-free group (p < 0.05). Serum calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, 25-OH-VitD, and parathyroid hormone were not statistically different between two groups. Multiple factor logistic regression showed that serum calcium concentration in males had an OR of 2.55 for dental caries (p< 0.001). Conclusions: BMD and majority of bone metabolism indexes were not related with dental caries among Chinese adolescents. For male adolescents, serum calcium level was associated with higher risk of dental caries.

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Circulating vitamin C and D concentrations and risk of dental caries and periodontitis: A Mendelian randomization study

Cited by 24 publications

References 60 publications

Association between circulating 25‐hydroxyvitamin D metabolites and periodontitis: Results from the NHANES 2009–2012 and Mendelian randomization study

Association between circulating 25‐hydroxyvitamin D metabolites and periodontitis: Results from the NHANES 2009–2012 and Mendelian randomization study

Dietary Intake of Vitamin D and Dental Caries Incidence in People with Overweight and Obesity

The Relationship between Dental Caries, Bone Mineral Density, and Bone Metabolism among Adolescents

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