Circulating β-Endorphin, Adrenocorticotropin, and Cortisol Concentrations of Horses Before and After Competitive Show Jumping with Different Fence Heights

Ferlazzo, Adriana; Medica, Pietro; Cravana, Cristina; Fazio, Esterina

doi:10.1016/j.jevs.2012.02.021

Cited by 36 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Since the serum half-life of cortisol is approximately 30 minutes, it is entirely possible that the more elevated concentrations observed in our study were due to the timing of our blood draw, i.e., within 60 seconds of the discontinuation of exercise. Together these data point to the importance of venipuncture timing when planning studies and interpreting results [40] [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

The Effects of Low Intensity Endurance Activity on Various Physiological Parameters and Exercise Induced Oxidative Stress in Dogs

Huntingford¹,

Levine²,

Mustacich³

et al. 2014

OJVM

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The study of canine athlete physiology has focused on endurance sled dog racing and high intensity short duration Greyhound racing, yet the number of dogs competing in low intensity endurance activities is rising due to the increased numbers of hunting and companion dog activities. There is little information on the physiological effect of longer duration low intensity endurance activities. We set out to evaluate the serum biochemistry, oxidative stress, and cortisol response before and after two consecutive days of exercise in ten healthy unconditioned male dogs. Exercise sessions consisted of 120 minutes on an exercise wheel at 11 km/hour on 2 consecutive days. Blood was collected at four time points: 24 hours pre-exercise (sample 1, Day 0, resting); 2 min post-exercise on days 1 and 2, (samples 2 and 3, respectively); and 20 hours post-exercise, collected on day 3(sample 4). Hematocrit, blood gases, serum chemistry, uric acid, cortisol, and F2-isoprostanes were determined. Serum biochemistry and hematocrit suggested hemoconcentration, mild muscle damage and respiratory alkalosis during exercise, which was expected in the unconditioned canine athlete. In addition, plasma indices of oxidative damage (F2-isoprostanes) increased, as did plasma uric acid (an endogenous antioxidant). Importantly, similar to human studies, plasma F2-isoprostanes decreased 24 hours after exercise suggesting a protective effect of exercise. Serum cortisol concentrations were also markedly elevated at the end of exercise on both days suggesting that timing of sampling may play a role in interpreting cortisol results when looking at previous field studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

The Effects of Low Intensity Endurance Activity on Various Physiological Parameters and Exercise Induced Oxidative Stress in Dogs

Huntingford¹,

Levine²,

Mustacich³

et al. 2014

OJVM

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show abstract

“…Measurement of changes in the concentrations of ACTH and cortisol after a short-term high-intensity effort was shown to be effective for evaluating acute stress in racehorses (Fazio et al 2008, Kędzierski et al 2014. Also, the study by Ferlazzo et al (2012) clearly has confirmed that participation in jumping competitions increased the circulatory levels of these Mircean and colleagues (2007) compared the influence of 4 different types of horse training (2 of moderate intensity and 2 of high intensity) on the LA and cortisol concentrations. Although the authors revealed a highly significant post-exercise increase in cortisol in all groups of horses, the most interesting finding was that the increased level of LA triggered HPA and cortisol secretion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The routine exercise induced transient increases in ACTH and cortisol concentrations in studied horses. Previous studies have shown that the intensity of exercise is the main factor that modulates the HPA axis response to effort (Cayado et al 2006, Ferlazzo et al 2012 Lewi ński et al 2013). Therefore, to ensure an adequate exercise intensity of exercise performed by the studied horses, the plasma LA was determined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does routine exercise induce stress and in consequence serum amyloid A (SAA) response in purebred Arabian racehorses?

Kowalik¹,

Tomaszewska²

2018

PHK

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This study aimed to evaluate whether a stress response to exercise increases the serum amyloid-A (SAA) production in purebred Arabian race horses. Eleven healthy Arabian horses aged 3 to 5 years were examined. All the horses were subjected to the same effort test consisting in 1200 m gallop at a speed typical for the daily training programme. Four venous blood samples were collected, namely: at rest (T0), immediately after the end of the exercise (T1), after 30 minutes of rest (T2), and after 24 hours from the first sampling (T3). Serum levels of ACTH, cortisol, and SAA were estimated by the ELISA method. To evaluate a relative intensity of exercise, the plasma lactate (LA) concentration and serum lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) activity were determined. The results obtained revealed that the type of exercise used caused a statistically significant short-term increase in the LA and LDH values. Similarly, the exercise induced a HPA axis response by a significant increase in ACTH and cortisol at T1 (P ≤ 0.01). Then, the LA and hormones concentrations decreased significantly over one of the post-training sampling periods (T2) (P ≤ 0.05 and P ≤ 0.01, respectively). No statistically significant differences were observed in the SAA serum level during the respective steps of the experiment (T0-T3). In conclusion, the exercise-induced stress clearly affected the HPA axis response in horses by transient raising the ACTH and cortisol concentration. In contrast, the routine training session did not promote significant changes in the SAA level in studied horses.

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“…Estes podem ser provocados pelo uso métodos invasivos de treinamento, erros de treinamento e pressão excessiva em cavalos não ainda preparados (VON BORSTEL et al, 2009;FERLAZZO et al, 2012;BECKER-BIRCK et al, 2013;CHRISTENSEN et al, 2014).…”

Section: Necessidades E Alterações Comportamentais Em Cavalos De Esporteunclassified

Boas Práticas E Bem-Estar Em Cavalos De Hipismo: Oportunidades De Melhorias

Sturn¹,

Lima²,

Ribeiro³

2018

Enci Bio

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RESUMONa ciência, o estado de bem-estar de um animal é muitas vezes relacionado com o resultado dos efeitos das ações dos seres humanos, sendo esta voltada para o conhecimento das necessidades dos mesmos. Assim sendo, o animal que conseguir satisfazer suas necessidades biológicas terá maior grau de bem-estar e, de forma contrária, quando não atendidas, respostas fisiológicas e comportamentais são desencadeadas na tentativa de adaptação, mantendo sua homeostasia. Quando o equilíbrio não se estabelece, um estado permanente de estresse se mantém. Neste contexto, a avaliação do bem-estar nos equinos usados no hipismo, é importante, uma vez que esses são submetidos a ambientes e condições de manejo que não atendem na maior parte do tempo as necessidades da espécie. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi, por meio de uma revisão de literatura, evidenciar as necessidades e os principais desafios relacionados ao bem-estar dos cavalos de hipismo. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Adaptação. Comportamento. Equinos. Estereotipias. Manejo. Saúde. GOOD PRACTICES AND WELFARE OF SPORT HORSES: OPPORTUNITIES FOR IMPROVEMENTSABSTRACT In science, animal's welfare condition is often related to the result of the human actions towards them, and it is focused on the understanding of their needs. Therefore, the animal that is able to satisfy its biological needs will have higher welfare level. Therefore, if it is not, there is a lack of satisfaction, triggering a permanent condition of stress. Physiological and behavioral responses will occur in the attempt of animal's body to adapt to that environment, maintaining its homeostasis. In this context, since the athlete equines are often kept in environments and submitted to management conditions that do not meet their needs, welfare evaluation is a major issue. Thus, the objective of this study is to understand equines needs, to identify key issues and alternative solutions related to the well-being of sport horses.

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Circulating β-Endorphin, Adrenocorticotropin, and Cortisol Concentrations of Horses Before and After Competitive Show Jumping with Different Fence Heights

Cited by 36 publications

References 43 publications

The Effects of Low Intensity Endurance Activity on Various Physiological Parameters and Exercise Induced Oxidative Stress in Dogs

The Effects of Low Intensity Endurance Activity on Various Physiological Parameters and Exercise Induced Oxidative Stress in Dogs

Does routine exercise induce stress and in consequence serum amyloid A (SAA) response in purebred Arabian racehorses?

Boas Práticas E Bem-Estar Em Cavalos De Hipismo: Oportunidades De Melhorias

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