Circumnutation and gravitropism cause root waving in<i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>

Simmons, Carl R.; Söll, Dieter; Migliaccio, Fernando

doi:10.1093/jxb/46.1.143

Cited by 98 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This directional, circular growth pattern is best described as a nutation, as previously discussed by Maher and Martindale (1980). Simmons et al (1995b) developed a similar model to explain the wavy pattern of root growth on tilted agar surfaces. They proposed that a right-handed circumnutation process generates the wavy pattern of root growth found on tilted agar plates when corrected by gravitropism.…”

Section: Seedl Ingmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…We have observed that the rate of rotation is larger at the distal end of the elongation zone than at the very tip of the root, often resulting in that subterminal region of the root bowing out of the agar surface (Fig. 8C, and data not shown) (Simmons et al, 1995b). This bowing of the root results in a curvature at the elongation zone, which is likely responsible for the clockwise coiling of clinorotated roots.…”

Section: Seedl Ingmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…After 2 d in the cold (4°C) and darkness, plates were transferred to the Conviron TC16 growth chamber and seedlings were grown under the conditions described above, except that the plates were positioned at an angle of 95 to 100" from the horizontal (tilted slightly forward) to avoid root waving (Okada and Shimura, 1990;Simmons et al, 1995b). In some experiments (see "Results" and "Discussion"), plates were positioned at various angles from the vertical to test the effect of the extent of plate tilting on the response.…”

Section: Quantification Of Right-slantingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A microscopic analysis of right-slanting roots indicated that right slanting is always accompanied by a characteristic rotation of the root tip, resulting in the appearance of CFR (Simmons et al, 1995b) around the root axis (Fig. 7A).…”

Section: Root-tip Rotation Accompanies Right-slanted Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Root waving is accompanied by a succession of right-and left-handed rotations occurring within the elongation zone (Okada and Shimura, 1990). Okada andShimura (1990, 1992) attributed that phenotype to a combination of gravitropism and obstacle-avoidance responses, although the possible involvement of circumnutations was not excluded (Okada and Shimura, 1992;Simmons et al, 1995b).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Arabidopsis thaliana sku Mutant Seedlings Show Exaggerated Surface-Dependent Alteration in Root Growth Vector

1996

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Roots of wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings in the Wassilewskija (WS) and landsberg erecta (ler) ecotypes often grow aslant on vertical agar surfaces. Slanted root growth always occurs to the right of the gravity vector when the root i s viewed through the agar surface, and is not observed in the Columbia ecotype. Right-slanted root growth is surface-dependent and does not result directly from directional environmental stimuli or gradients in the plane of skewing. We have isolated two partially dominant mutations in WS (skul and sku.7) that show an exaggerated right-slanting root-growth phenotype on agar surfaces. The right-slanting rootgrowth phenotype of wild-type and mutant roots is not the result of diagravitropism or of an alteration in root gravitropism. It is accompanied by a left-handed rotation of the root about its axis within the elongation zone, the rate of which positively correlates with the degree of right-slanted curvature. Our data suggest that the right-slanting root growth phenotype results from an endogenous structural asymmetry that expresses itself by a directional root-tip rotation.

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Section: Seedl Ingmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Seedl Ingmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Quantification Of Right-slantingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Root-tip Rotation Accompanies Right-slanted Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Arabidopsis thaliana sku Mutant Seedlings Show Exaggerated Surface-Dependent Alteration in Root Growth Vector

1996

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Artificial pores attract barley roots and can reduce artifacts of pot experiments

Pfeifer

Kirchgeßner

Walter

2014

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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Soil compaction is a severe agricultural problem. It is characterized by an increased resistance to root penetration and by a decreased amount of porosity in the soil. Until today it is not clear whether crop roots are able to actively detect remaining pores in compacted soil. Moreover, little is known about the capability of roots to leave pores again if the mechanical resistance of the bulk soil allows so. The aim of this study was to investigate the root growth response of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Ascona) in different configurations of a compacted loamy soil containing pores. The three-dimensional configurations of the root systems from three well watered and fertilized treatments were analyzed with X-ray computed tomography. All soil-filled cylindrical plastic pots (diameter: 60 mm, height: 210 mm) contained loose topsoil but differed in subsoil structure. In treatment 'Loose' [L] the pots were entirely filled with loose soil. Treatment 'Lower part compacted' [C] contained compacted soil in the lower part of the pots. Likewise, treatment 'Pores' [P] contained compacted soil in the lower part too, but here 16 artificial pores (1 mm diameter) were generated in the central part of the compacted subsoil zone. Comparison of the two treatments with compacted soil [C] and [P] showed that the roots were able to detect pores. However, the roots frequently grew across the pores or left the pores again after having grown into them, leading to a significantly higher fraction of roots exploring the compacted soil in the treatment with pores compared to the treatment without pores. These findings are useful for designing controlled experiments in pots of limited size that can mimic root growth in relatively complex soil structures which are more similar to field situations than usual pot experiments.

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Interacting signal transduction chains in gravity‐stimulated maize roots

Achim

Firn

Edelmann³

2006

Signal Transduction

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Gravitropism in roots involves at least three signal transduction chains. The first signal transduction chain is sub‐cellular and operates within the gravity‐perceiving cells in the root apex. The output of this perception system feeds into a second intercellular signal transduction chain (widely considered to involve auxin movement) that links events in the apical regions with the third signal transduction chain that controls cell expansion in the elongating cells. The present study probes the disputed role of ethylene in gravitropism by seeking to identify which parts of the gravitropism cascade are influenced by ethylene action. The results suggest that another signal transduction chain, initiated by mechanical impedance to the root apex, interacts with the early stages of the gravitropism cascade and the effects of ethylene on gravitropism could be mediated by the mechanical impedance sensing and response systems.

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Circumnutation and gravitropism cause root waving inArabidopsis thaliana

Cited by 98 publications

References 14 publications

Arabidopsis thaliana sku Mutant Seedlings Show Exaggerated Surface-Dependent Alteration in Root Growth Vector

Arabidopsis thaliana sku Mutant Seedlings Show Exaggerated Surface-Dependent Alteration in Root Growth Vector

Artificial pores attract barley roots and can reduce artifacts of pot experiments

Interacting signal transduction chains in gravity‐stimulated maize roots

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