Circumnutational movement in rice coleoptiles involves the gravitropic response: analysis of an agravitropic mutant and space‐grown seedlings

Kobayashi, Akie; Kim, Hye Jeong; Tomita, Yuta; Miyazawa, Yutaka; Fujii, Nobuharu; Yano, Sachiko; Yamazaki, Chiaki; Kamada, Motoshi; Kasahara, Haruo; Miyabayashi, Sachiko; Shimazu, Toru; Fusejima, Yasuo; Takahashi, Hideyuki

doi:10.1111/ppl.12824

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…These oscillations lack elastic deformations, as the plant is weightless. For the model parameters of Table 1, we find a critical value of approximately 3.5 h. However, this seems to be out of the range of experimental observations, thus suggesting that the persistence of oscillations in microgravity might have an endogenous origin (Johnsson et al, 2009;Kobayashi et al, 2019). 3.…”

Section: The Regime Of Short Timesmentioning

confidence: 64%

Nutations in Plant Shoots: Endogenous and Exogenous Factors in the Presence of Mechanical Deformations

2021

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We present a three-dimensional morphoelastic rod model capable to describe the morphogenesis of growing plant shoots driven by differential growth. We discuss the evolution laws for endogenous oscillators, straightening mechanisms, and reorientations to directional cues, such as gravitropic reactions governed by the avalanche dynamics of statoliths. We use this model to investigate the role of elastic deflections due to gravity loading in circumnutating plant shoots. We show that, in the absence of endogenous cues, pendular and circular oscillations arise as a critical length is attained, thus suggesting the occurrence of an instability triggered by exogenous factors. When also oscillations due to endogenous cues are present, their weight relative to those associated with the instability varies in time as the shoot length and other biomechanical properties change. Thanks to the simultaneous occurrence of these two oscillatory mechanisms, we are able to reproduce a variety of complex behaviors, including trochoid-like patterns, which evolve into circular orbits as the shoot length increases, and the amplitude of the exogenous oscillations becomes dominant.

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Section: The Regime Of Short Timesmentioning

confidence: 64%

Nutations in Plant Shoots: Endogenous and Exogenous Factors in the Presence of Mechanical Deformations

2021

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“…5b. For the model parameters of Table 1, we find a critical value of τ g ≈ 3.52 h. This seems to be out of the range of experimental observations, thus suggesting that the persistence of oscillations in microgravity might have an endogenous origin [20,21].…”

Section: The Regime Of Short Timesmentioning

confidence: 63%

Nutations in plant shoots: endogenous and exogenous factors in the presence of mechanical deformations

Agostinelli

DeSimone

Noselli

2020

Preprint

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AbstractWe present a three-dimensional morphoelastic rod model capable to describe the morphogenesis of growing plant shoots, as driven by differential growth at the tip. We discuss the evolution laws for endogenous oscillators, straightening mechanisms and reorientations to directional cues, such as phototropic responses to a far light source and gravitropic reactions governed by the statoliths avalanche dynamics. We use this model to investigate the role of elastic deflections due to gravity loading in circumnutating plant shoots. We show that, in the absence of endogenous cues, pendular and circular oscillations arise as a critical length is attained, thus suggesting the occurrence of a Hopf bifurcation reminiscent of flutter instabilities exhibited by structural systems under nonconservative loads. When also oscillations due to endogenous cues are present, their weight relative to those associated with the Hopf instability varies in time as the shoot length and other biomechanical properties change. Thanks to the simultaneous occurrence of these two oscillatory mechanisms, we are able to reproduce a variety of complex behaviors, including trochoid-like patterns, which evolve into circular orbits as the shoot length increases, and the amplitude of the flutter induced oscillations becomes dominant. Our findings suggest that the relative importance of the two mechanisms is an emergent property of the system that is affected by the amplitude of elastic deformations, and highlight the crucial role of elasticity in the analysis of circumnutations.

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“…Elevated levels of the plant hormone auxin (indole-3-acetic acid) were observed in the shoots of gravistimulated plants offering a potential mechanistic explanation for the dramatic alterations to stomatal physiology under rotation which overrode light/dark photo-regulation 28 . Modified transport of auxin has been demonstrated to be an important driver of aboveground phenotypic alterations under microgravity 29 , 30 . Accumulation of auxin in shoot leaf tissues has previously been shown to maintain open stomatal apertures 31 , 32 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulated microgravity facilitates stomatal ingression by Salmonella in lettuce and suppresses a biocontrol agent

Totsline,

Kniel,

Sabagyanam

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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As human spaceflight increases in duration, cultivation of crops in spaceflight is crucial to protecting human health under microgravity and elevated oxidative stress. Foodborne pathogens (e.g., Salmonella enterica) carried by leafy green vegetables are a significant cause of human disease. Our previous work showed that Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium suppresses defensive closure of foliar stomata in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) to ingress interior tissues of leaves. While there are no reported occurrences of foodborne disease in spaceflight to date, known foodborne pathogens persist aboard the International Space Station and space-grown lettuce has been colonized by a diverse microbiome including bacterial genera known to contain human pathogens. Interactions between leafy green vegetables and human bacterial pathogens under microgravity conditions present in spaceflight are unknown. Additionally, stomatal dynamics under microgravity conditions need further elucidation. Here, we employ a slow-rotating 2-D clinostat to simulate microgravity upon in-vitro lettuce plants following a foliar inoculation with S. enterica Typhimurium and use confocal microscopy to measure stomatal width in fixed leaf tissue. Our results reveal significant differences in average stomatal aperture width between an unrotated vertical control, plants rotated at 2 revolutions per minute (2 RPM), and 4 RPM, with and without the presence of S. typhimurium. Interestingly, we found stomatal aperture width in the presence of S. typhimurium to be increased under rotation as compared to unrotated inoculated plants. Using confocal Z-stacking, we observed greater average depth of stomatal ingression by S. typhimurium in lettuce under rotation at 4 RPM compared to unrotated and inoculated plants, along with greater in planta populations of S. typhimurium in lettuce rotated at 4 RPM using serial dilution plating of homogenized surface sterilized leaves. Given these findings, we tested the ability of the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) Bacillus subtilis strain UD1022 to transiently restrict stomatal apertures of lettuce both alone and co-inoculated with S. typhimurium under rotated and unrotated conditions as a means of potentially reducing stomatal ingression by S. typhimurium under simulated microgravity. Surprisingly, rotation at 4 RPM strongly inhibited the ability of UD1022 alone to restrict stomatal apertures and attenuated its efficacy as a biocontrol following co-inoculation with S. typhimurium. Our results highlight potential spaceflight food safety issues unique to production of crops in microgravity conditions and suggest microgravity may dramatically reduce the ability of PGPRs to restrict stomatal apertures.

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Circumnutational movement in rice coleoptiles involves the gravitropic response: analysis of an agravitropic mutant and space‐grown seedlings

Cited by 11 publications

References 41 publications

Nutations in Plant Shoots: Endogenous and Exogenous Factors in the Presence of Mechanical Deformations

Nutations in Plant Shoots: Endogenous and Exogenous Factors in the Presence of Mechanical Deformations

Nutations in plant shoots: endogenous and exogenous factors in the presence of mechanical deformations

Simulated microgravity facilitates stomatal ingression by Salmonella in lettuce and suppresses a biocontrol agent

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