Circumstances leading to intimate partner violence against women married as children: a qualitative study in Urban Slums of Lahore, Pakistan

Nasrullah, Muazzam; Zakar, Rubeena; Zakar, Muhammad Zakria; Abbas, Sana; Safdar, Rabia

doi:10.1186/s12914-015-0060-0

Cited by 42 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Early marriage puts girls and women at risk of psychological violence including emotional pressure from their husband and in-laws [ 10 , 18 ]. Young women between the ages of 15–24 years are more vulnerable to psychosocial challenges compared to other women of a reproductive age group due to several and partly overlapping reasons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experience of intimate partner violence among young pregnant women in urban slums of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal: a qualitative study

et al. 2016

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BackgroundIntimate partner violence (IPV) is an urgent public health priority. It is a neglected issue in women’s health, especially in urban slums in Nepal and globally. This study was designed to better understand the IPV experienced by young pregnant women in urban slums of the Kathmandu Valley, as well as to identify their coping strategies, care and support seeking behaviours. Womens’ views on ways to prevent IPV were also addressed.Methods20 young pregnant women from 13 urban slums in the Kathmandu valley were recruited purposively for this qualitative study, based on pre-defined criteria. In-depth interviews were conducted and transcribed, with qualitative content analysis used to analyse the transcripts.Results14 respondents were survivors of violence in urban slums. Their intimate partner(s) committed most of the violent acts. These young pregnant women were more likely to experience different forms of violence (psychological, physical and sexual) if they refused to have sex, gave birth to a girl, or if their husband had alcohol use disorder. The identification of foetal gender also increased the experience of physical violence at the prenatal stage. Interference from in-laws prevented further escalation of physical abuse. The most common coping strategy adopted to avoid violence among these women was to tolerate and accept the husbands’ abuse because of economic dependence. Violence survivors sought informal support from their close family members. Women suggested multiple short and long term actions to reduce intimate partner violence such as female education, economic independence of young women, banning identification of foetal gender during pregnancy and establishing separate institutions within their community to handle violence against young pregnant women.ConclusionsDiversity in the design and implementation of culturally and socially acceptable interventions might be effective in addressing violence against young pregnant women in humanitarian settings such as urban slums. These include, but are not limited to, treatment of alcohol use disorder, raising men’s awareness about pregnancy, addressing young women’s economic vulnerability, emphasising the role of health care professionals in preventing adverse consequences resulting from gender selection technologies and working with family members of violence survivors.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12905-016-0293-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experience of intimate partner violence among young pregnant women in urban slums of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal: a qualitative study

et al. 2016

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“…Two studies conducted in Pakistan and India showed that the most common predisposing factors of partner's violence include young age, family's poor socioeconomic status, interferences by the spouse's family (26), marital dissatisfaction, and avoiding sexual encounters with the spouse, and the interaction of these factors was found to lead to further violence among the couple (27).…”

Section: U N C O R R E C T E D P R O O Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Resilience and Stress Coping Styles on Suicide Attempts in Females Reporting Spouse-Related Abuse

Hajian¹,

Kasaeinia²,

Doulabi³

2018

Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci

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Background: Spouse-related abuse involves a wide range of behaviors by the partner and has many debilitating consequences for the victim, such as suicide attempt. Objectives: The aim of this study was to predict the effect of resilience and stress coping styles on the likelihood of suicide attempt in females reporting spouse-related abuse. Methods: The present descriptive comparative study was conducted on 150 female victims of spouse-related abuse in the city of Ilam, Iran, during year 2016. They were matched in two groups with and without a history of suicide attempt over the past 12 months. Data collection tools included the world health organization violence against women instrument, the connor-davidson resilience scale, and the coping inventory for stressful situations. Purposive and snowball methods were used. The obtained data was analyzed using the SPSS-21 software. Results: No significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of the frequency and severity of exposure to different forms of violence. The mean scores of resilience (P < 0.001; -13.03 to -6.34) and problem-oriented coping style (P = 0.004, -7.65 to -1.46) were significantly higher in females without a history of suicide attempt compared to the other group. For every unit increase in the resilience score, the likelihood of not attempting suicide increased by 1.134, and for every unit increase in the avoidance style score, the likelihood of not attempting suicide decreased by 0.931. This effect remained significant with the addition of demographic variables. Conclusions: A high level of resilience and the use of problem-oriented coping have a major role in reducing the likelihood of suicide attempt in females subjected to violence. Introducing couples to coping strategies, problem solving, and anger management is an integral part of life skills education.

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“…In addition, there was no study on neurological diseases. With regard to injury-related illnesses, which account for 5.9% of all studies, they were almost exclusively conducted on domestic (e.g., [71,72]) or partner-related violence (e.g., [73]). Mental health problems represent 5.6% of the total studies.…”

Section: Analysis By Health Categoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slums, Space, and State of Health—A Link between Settlement Morphology and Health Data

Friesen

Dietrich

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Approximately 1 billion slum dwellers worldwide are exposed to increased health risks due to their spatial environment. Recent studies have therefore called for the spatial environment to be introduced as a separate dimension in medical studies. Hence, this study investigates how and on which spatial scale relationships between the settlement morphology and the health status of the inhabitants can be identified. To this end, we summarize the current literature on the identification of slums from a geographical perspective and review the current literature on slums and health of the last five years (376 studies) focusing on the considered scales in the studies. We show that the majority of medical studies are restricted to certain geographical regions. It is desirable that the number of studies be adapted to the number of the respective population. On the basis of these studies, we develop a framework to investigate the relationship between space and health. Finally, we apply our methodology to investigate the relationship between the prevalence of slums and different health metrics using data of the global burden of diseases for different prefectures in Brazil on a subnational level.

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Circumstances leading to intimate partner violence against women married as children: a qualitative study in Urban Slums of Lahore, Pakistan

Cited by 42 publications

References 24 publications

Experience of intimate partner violence among young pregnant women in urban slums of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal: a qualitative study

Experience of intimate partner violence among young pregnant women in urban slums of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal: a qualitative study

The Effect of Resilience and Stress Coping Styles on Suicide Attempts in Females Reporting Spouse-Related Abuse

Slums, Space, and State of Health—A Link between Settlement Morphology and Health Data

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