Circumventing substrate interference in the Raman spectroscopic identification of blood stains

McLaughlin, Gregory; Sikirzhytski, Vitali; Lednev, Igor K.

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.04.033

Cited by 71 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This is an important consideration since it is practically impossible to compile training data for every animal species. The four additional human samples (unknown [11][12][13][14] were excluded to test the model's ability to accurately predict an untrained human sample. The prediction results for these twenty-four test spectra are displayed in Table 2.…”

Section: Internal and External Validation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is particularly important in cases where the sample is limited and destructive techniques of species identification cannot be afforded. Furthermore, the increasing 12 capabilities of on-field Raman analysis 29 support the idea that rapid species identification is feasible. The method described conforms well to other Raman methods in the field, in that the same spectral data used to identify the sample as blood can then be used for a deeper determination of the species of origin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Raman Spectroscopy of Blood for Species Identification

2014

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The species identification of a blood stain is an important and immediate challenge for forensic science, veterinary purposes, and wildlife preservation. The current methods used to identify the species of origin of a blood stain are limited in scope and destructive to the sample. We have previously demonstrated that Raman spectroscopy can reliably differentiate blood traces of human, cat, and dog (Virkler et al. Anal. Chem. 2009, 81, 7773 - 7777) and, most recently, built a binary model for differentiating human vs animal blood for 11 species integrated with human existence ( McLaughlin et al. Forensic Sci. Int. 2014, 238, 91 - 95). Here we report a satisfactory classification of blood obtained from 11 animal classes and human subjects by statistical analysis of Raman spectra. Classification of blood samples was achieved according to each sample's species of origin, which enhanced previously observed discrimination ability. The developed approach does not require the knowledge of a specific (bio)chemical marker for each individual class but rather relies on a spectroscopic statistical differentiation of various components. This approach results in remarkable classification ability even with intrinsically heterogeneous classes and samples. In addition, the obtained spectroscopic characteristics could potentially provide information about specific changes in the (bio)chemical composition of samples, which are responsible for the differentiation.

show abstract

Section: Internal and External Validation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman Spectroscopy of Blood for Species Identification

2014

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Bodily fluids are weak-to-moderate Raman scatterers, and often the substrates can contribute a dominant Raman or fluorescence signal. 216 Lednev et al proposed solutions to this problem (such as varying the excitation laser source and selecting the wavelength that produced the least luminescence for that particular substrate) 217 and they reported statistical methods for reducing the interference. 218 In 2012 Boyd et al reported a study that showed SERS substrates can be used as swabs to collect blood at a crime scene, and they demonstrated a sensitivity comparable to traditional chemical-based identification techniques.…”

Section: Whole Bloodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman Spectroscopy of Blood and Blood Components

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Blood is a bodily fluid that is vital for a number of life functions in animals. To a first approximation, blood is a mildly alkaline aqueous fluid (plasma) in which a large number of free-floating red cells (erythrocytes), white cells (leucocytes), and platelets are suspended. The primary function of blood is to transport oxygen from the lungs to all the cells of the body and move carbon dioxide in the return direction after it is produced by the cells' metabolism. Blood also carries nutrients to the cells and brings waste products to the liver and kidneys. Measured levels of oxygen, nutrients, waste, and electrolytes in blood are often used for clinical assessment of human health. Raman spectroscopy is a nondestructive analytical technique that uses the inelastic scattering of light to provide information on chemical composition, and hence has a potential role in this clinical assessment process. Raman spectroscopic probing of blood components and of whole blood has been on-going for more than four decades and has proven useful in applications ranging from the understanding of hemoglobin oxygenation, to the discrimination of cancerous cells from healthy lymphocytes, and the forensic investigation of crime scenes. In this paper, we review the literature in the field, collate the published Raman spectroscopy studies of erythrocytes, leucocytes, platelets, plasma, and whole blood, and attempt to draw general conclusions on the state of the field.

show abstract

“…However, a reference spectrum can be acquired from the substrate, and subtracted from the original Raman spectrum, leaving only the signal corresponding to the body fluid. This approach was used to characterize blood and semen on assorted substrates …”

Section: Forensic Body Fluid Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

What can Raman spectroscopy do for criminalistics?

Doty

Muro

Bueno

et al. 2015

J Raman Spectroscopy

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

For decades Raman spectroscopy has been used as a specialized tool in a variety of fields. Forensic science is one discipline in particular that has greatly benefited from the application of Raman spectroscopic research. Here, studies using Raman spectroscopy for analyzing criminalistic evidence, including body fluids, human tissue, bones, gunshot residue, fibers, and hair, are reviewed. Many of these methods demonstrate the significance of incorporating chemometrics for data analysis to provide more reliable and quantitative results with associated errors. Currently, there are only a few branches of forensic science that use Raman spectroscopy in practice, despite its wide range of advantages. However, many more applications have been developed in the research setting and are presented here. These studies showcase the versatility and dependability of Raman spectroscopy, specifically for criminalistic purposes. The advantages of developing and transitioning these techniques to be used in practice are also discussed, including the tremendous benefits of portable instrumentation. Raman spectroscopy can easily become an established analytical technique for many criminalistics disciplines because it allows for obtaining real‐time, rapid, impartial, statistically confident results. Consequently, the improvements to forensic science as a whole will be revolutionary. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

show abstract

Circumventing substrate interference in the Raman spectroscopic identification of blood stains

Cited by 71 publications

References 20 publications

Raman Spectroscopy of Blood for Species Identification

Raman Spectroscopy of Blood for Species Identification

Raman Spectroscopy of Blood and Blood Components

What can Raman spectroscopy do for criminalistics?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About