Surgical ablation, concomitant with other operations, is an option for treatment
in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation. The aim of this study is to
present a literature review on surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation in
patients undergoing cardiac surgery, considering energy sources and return to
sinus rhythm. A comprehensive survey was performed in the literature on surgical
ablation of atrial fibrillation considering energy sources, sample size, study
type, outcome (early and late), and return to sinus rhythm. Analyzing studies
with immediate results (n=5), the percentage of return to sinus rhythm ranged
from 73% to 96%, while those with long-term results (n=20) (from 12 months on)
ranged from 62% to 97.7%. In both of them, there was subsequent clinical
improvement of patients who underwent ablation, regardless of the energy source
used. Surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation is essential for the treatment of
this arrhythmia. With current technology, it may be minimally invasive, making
it mandatory to perform a procedure in an attempt to revert to sinus rhythm in
patients requiring heart surgery.