Cisplatin-Induced Anorexia and Pica Behavior in Rats Enhanced by Chronic Stress Pretreatment

Guo, Zhijun; Duan, Jingjing; Chen, Yitian; Cai, Weijia; Yang, Chenghua; Yang, Zhen; Liu, Xiufeng; Xu, Feng

doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.913124

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 30 publications

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“…Consistent with our findings, several studies have reported a decrease in normal food intake in rats following cisplatin administration. [20][21][22] When anamorelin was orally administered to rats daily, normal food intake increased in a dose-dependent manner. 16) However, in the present study, anamorelin (30 mg/kg) did not increase food intake, suggesting that the appetite-stimulating effect of anamorelin could not exceed the appetite-suppressing effect of cisplatin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug Repositioning Study on the Antiemetic Efficacy of Anamorelin for Cisplatin-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Rats

Nishino,

Kawazoe,

Sekiguchi

et al. 2024

BPB Reports

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Platinum-and anthracycline-based chemotherapy regimens cause nausea and vomiting in clinical practice, resulting in the deterioration of patients' QoL, discontinuation of chemotherapy, and reduced therapeutic outcomes. Using pica behavior as an indicator, we aimed to clarify whether anamorelin, an orally active ghrelin receptor agonist, exerts antiemetic effects against cisplatin-induced nausea and vomiting in rats. Materials and Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with cisplatin (5 mg/kg, i.p.), three-drug or fourdrug antiemetics (granisetron [0.3 mg/kg, p.o.], dexamethasone [1.5 mg/kg, p.o.], fosaprepitant [12.5 mg/kg, i.p.], with or without anamorelin [30 mg/kg, p.o.]). Data on kaolin intake, normal food intake, and spontaneous motor activity (SMA) were recorded 1 d before and 5 d after cisplatin administration. Body weight (BW) was measured daily, and the percentage change in BW from baseline was calculated. Results: At the primary endpoint, kaolin intake was significantly higher in the cisplatin-only group than in the pretreatment and vehicle groups (p < 0.05). Additionally, kaolin food intake was not significantly low in cisplatin-treated mice treated with three-drug antiemetics with or without anamorelin. At the secondary endpoints, normal food intake, SMA, and percentage change in BW were significantly lower in the cisplatin-only group than in the vehicle group. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the prophylactic administration of standard three-drug antiemetics, besides anamorelin, may not improve cisplatin-induced nausea and vomiting. Further studies using methods suitable for evaluating anamorelin levels are required.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug Repositioning Study on the Antiemetic Efficacy of Anamorelin for Cisplatin-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Rats

Nishino,

Kawazoe,

Sekiguchi

et al. 2024

BPB Reports

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Risk prediction models for chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting in patients with cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

LUO,

Nie,

Yang

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background: The development of risk prediction models for chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting (CINV) in cancer patients has been increasing, while the quality and applicability of these models in clinical practice and future research remain unknown. Objective: To systematically review published studies on risk prediction models for CINV in patients with cancer. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies and clinical trials. Methods: We searched nine electronic databases, including SinoMed, PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database, China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), from inception to January 30, 2024. Data from selected studies were extracted, including study design, data source, sample size, predictors, model development, and performance. The Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST) checklist was used to assess the risk of bias and applicability. Results: Twelve studies involving 2215 patients were included. The incidence of CINV in patients with cancer ranged from 17.7 % to 69 %. The most frequently used predictors were age and gender. The reported AUC ranged from 0.66 to 0.85. Twelve studies were found to have a high risk of bias, primarily due to inappropriate reporting of the analysis domain. The pooled AUC value of the six validated models was 0.73 (95 % confidence interval: 0.68–0.79), indicating a fair level of discrimination. Conclusion: Although the included studies reported a certain level of discrimination in the prediction models of CINV in patients with cancer, all of them were found to have a high risk of bias according to the PROBAST checklist. Future studies should focus on developing new models with larger samples, rigorous study designs, and multicenter external validation. Registration: The protocol for this study is registered with PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42024507899).

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Modulation of Brain Kynurenic Acid by N-Acetylcysteine Prevents Cognitive Impairment and Muscular Weakness Induced by Cisplatin in Female Rats

Dorcas Aremu,

Ramírez Ortega,

Blanco Ayala

et al. 2024

Cells

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Cisplatin (CIS) is a potent chemotherapeutic agent primarily used to treat hematologic malignancies and solid tumors, including lymphomas, sarcomas, and some carcinomas. Patients receiving this treatment for tumors outside the nervous system develop cognitive impairment. Alterations in the kynurenine pathway (KP) following CIS treatment suggest that certain KP metabolites may cross the blood–brain barrier, leading to increased production of the neuromodulator kynurenic acid (KYNA), which is associated with cognitive impairment. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of modulating brain KYNA levels by the administration of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an inhibitor of kynurenine aminotransferase II (KATII), an enzyme responsible for KYNA biosynthesis on the cognitive and neuromuscular deficits induced by CIS. Female Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control, NAC (300 mg/day/8 days), CIS (3 mg/kg i.p/5 days), and NAC + CIS (both treatments co-administered in parallel). Seven days after the last CIS administration, cognitive performance, muscle strength, brain KYNA levels, KATII activity, and brain tissue redox profile (lipid peroxidation and oxidized/reduced glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio) were assessed. CIS did not affect short-term memory but induced long-term memory deficits and reduced muscle strength, effects which were prevented by NAC co-administration. CIS decreased the GSH/GSSG ratio and the number of cells in the brain cortex while it increased lipid peroxidation, KYNA levels, and marginal KATII activity. All these effects were attenuated by the co-administration of NAC. These findings suggest that NAC mitigates the side effects of CIS, such as chemo-brain and muscle weakness, by improving the redox imbalance and modulating KYNA levels by limiting its non-enzymatic production by reactive oxygen species (ROS).

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Cisplatin-Induced Anorexia and Pica Behavior in Rats Enhanced by Chronic Stress Pretreatment

Cited by 3 publications

References 30 publications

Drug Repositioning Study on the Antiemetic Efficacy of Anamorelin for Cisplatin-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Rats

Drug Repositioning Study on the Antiemetic Efficacy of Anamorelin for Cisplatin-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Rats

Risk prediction models for chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting in patients with cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Modulation of Brain Kynurenic Acid by N-Acetylcysteine Prevents Cognitive Impairment and Muscular Weakness Induced by Cisplatin in Female Rats

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