Citric acid-modified Fenton’s reaction for the oxidation of chlorinated ethylenes in soil solution systems

Oxidation by Fenton's reagent combined with biological treatment applied to a creosote-comtaminated soil

“…These values started in a 10:1 H 2 O 2 :Fe 2+ ratio, which Kulik and co-workers [1,32] reported as the optimum ratio of reactants. Other authors reported that PAHs may be oxidized from a sorbed state under strong oxidizing conditions [2,3,25,33], thus the maximum ratio of reagents was 284:1. The PAH maximum degradation obtained in the three series of experiments is shown in Table 2.…”

Enhanced degradation of trichloroethene by calcium peroxide activated with Fe(III) in the presence of citric acid

“…It was speculated that excess CA in the CP/Fe(III)/CA system competed with TCE to scavenge HO• and induced lower TCE degradation rate according to the previous study of Xue et al [25]. In addition, excess chelate reduced the availability of Fe(II) and Fe(III), which diminished the generation of free radicals in a modified Fenton reaction [9]. This is consistent with the calculated speciation results discussed above, wherein 94% of Fe(III) was predicted to be chelated at 1.2 mmol·L −1 of CA.…”

“…Citrate was found to be rapidly biodegraded in calcareous and non-calcareous soils while oxalate was resistant to microbial degradation [8]. It was also reported that the complexes of OA with ferric ion have weaker stability than that of CA [9]. In contrast to EDTA, NTA is easily biodegraded to CO 2 , H 2 O, and inorganic nitrogen [7].…”

Degradation of 1,2-dichloroethane from wash water of ion-exchange resin using Fenton’s oxidation

“…Many studies have demonstrated that Fenton's oxidation has been capable of degrading a variety of chlorinated VOCs in aqueous solutions (Tang and Huang 1997;Tang and Tassos 1997;Chen et al 2001;Teel et al 2001;Seol and Javandel 2008;Grčić et al 2009). In the oxidation of chlorinated VOCs, the oxidation by-products include CO 2 , H 2 O, and, as the only chlorinated by-product, HCl.…”