“…Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO 2 NPs) are widely applied in many commercial, industrial, and consumer products, such as polishing agents, personal care products, superconducting materials, fuel additives, and coating glass/ceramics (Trujillo-Reyes et al, 2013). Nevertheless, recent studies have shown that once CeO 2 NPs are released into the environment, they could be absorbed and generate toxicity in algae, activated sludge, and zebrafish, owing to interactions with microorganisms (Thill et al, 2006;Limbach et al, 2008;Johnston et al, 2010), and pose a potential threat to both the ecosystem and human health et al, 2006).…”