Citric acid reduces oral biofilm and influences the electrochemical behavior of titanium: An<i>in situ</i>and<i>in vitro</i>study

Souza, João Gabriel Silva; Cordeiro, Jairo M.; Lima, Carolina Veloso; Barão, Valentim Adelino Ricardo

doi:10.1002/jper.18-0178

Cited by 33 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Among chemical methods, the application of citric acid is considered slightly superior to that of saline for biofilm removal from titanium surfaces [ 175 , 176 ]. However, studies showed that citric acid at a 40% concentration applied by rubbing to the titanium surface induced changes in the topography and potentially increased the surface roughness; because of its acidic nature, it also potentially dissolves the titanium oxide layer [ 96 , 177 , 178 , 179 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Causes of Titanium Particle and Ion Release in Implant Dentistry: A Systematic Review

Delgado-Ruíz

Romanos

2018

IJMS

167

143

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Implant surface characteristics, as well as physical and mechanical properties, are responsible for the positive interaction between the dental implant, the bone and the surrounding soft tissues. Unfortunately, the dental implant surface does not remain unaltered and changes over time during the life of the implant. If changes occur at the implant surface, mucositis and peri-implantitis processes could be initiated; implant osseointegration might be disrupted and bone resorption phenomena (osteolysis) may lead to implant loss. This systematic review compiled the information related to the potential sources of titanium particle and ions in implant dentistry. Research questions were structured in the Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome (PICO) framework. PICO questionnaires were developed and an exhaustive search was performed for all the relevant studies published between 1980 and 2018 involving titanium particles and ions related to implant dentistry procedures. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed for the selection and inclusion of the manuscripts in this review. Titanium particle and ions are released during the implant bed preparation, during the implant insertion and during the implant decontamination. In addition, the implant surfaces and restorations are exposed to the saliva, bacteria and chemicals that can potentially dissolve the titanium oxide layer and, therefore, corrosion cycles can be initiated. Mechanical factors, the micro-gap and fluorides can also influence the proportion of metal particles and ions released from implants and restorations.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Causes of Titanium Particle and Ion Release in Implant Dentistry: A Systematic Review

Delgado-Ruíz

Romanos

2018

IJMS

167

143

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“…Previous studies showed that this acid is effective to reduce anaerobic pathogens related to periodontal disease [39][40][41]. The high acid concentration and low pH does not reduce the cell compatibility and in consequence acid citric treatment removes biofilms related to perimplantitis diseases without affecting the periodontal tissues [41]. The action of the citric acid reduces the pH of extracellular sites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The acidulation property of the citric acid changes the membrane permeability of bacteria, varying the hydrogen gradient between intracellular and extracellular sites. In addition, the citric acid presents an important antioxidant effect which has a fatal effect on the microbacteria [40][41][42][43]. Hydrochloric acid is not as oxidizing although it has a higher degree of acidity (strong acid) but does not affect bacteria as much as citric acid.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Citric Acid Passivation of Titanium Dental Implants for Minimizing Bacterial Colonization Impact

et al. 2021

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Surface topography and physical-chemical properties usually play a key-role in both osseointegration improvement and bacterial colonization reduction over the surface of dental implants. The aim of this study is to compare the chemical and bacteriological behavior of two different acid passivation surface treatments on titanium c.p. grade 3 used for dental implant manufacturing. Surface roughness was evaluated using White Light Interferometry (WLI) in order to determine different roughness parameters such as average roughness (Sa), the spacing parameter (Sm) and the hybrid parameter of surface index area (SIA). Contact angle (CA) and surface free energy (SFE) were evaluated in order to establish the surface wettability of the different groups of samples. Titanium ion-release from the different samples was also been analyzed in Hank’s solution medium at 37 °C by using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) at different immersion times. Bacterial viability adhesion assays were done using S. sanguinis (CECT 480, Spain) as a bacterial strain model of primary colonizer in oral biofilm formation. The bacteria attachment and morphology on Ti surfaces were determined using a live/dead staining method after 4 h of incubation and further analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Acid passivation surface treatments produced a statistically-significant (p < 0.05) roughness increase in all the evaluated parameters (Sa, Sm, SAI). The treatment with citric acid decreased the static contact angle (CA) and caused an increase in surface free energy (SFE) with a high polarization and oxidizing character. These physical-chemical surface characteristics obtained by means of citric acid passivation caused the bactericidal behavior as it has been proved in bacterial studies.

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“…[126b] However, the biofilm formation induced by bacterial adhesion is a critical problem in biomedical implants and devices. Undesirable biofilm formation on the surface of implanted devices generally results in implant failure that can be life threatening . Furthermore, secreted factors from biofilms such as LPS, lipoprotein, lipoprotein acid (LTA) or peptidoglycans induce inflammatory responses for mammalian immune cells that lead to implant failure by a systemic defense reaction.…”

Section: Biomaterials For Modulation Of Infection and Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Advances in Immunomodulatory Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration

Lee

Byun

Perikamana

et al. 2018

Adv Healthcare Materials

342

267

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Biomaterials with suitable surface modification strategies are contributing significantly to the rapid development of the field of bone tissue engineering. Despite these encouraging results, utilization of biomaterials is poorly translated to human clinical trials potentially due to lack of knowledge about the interaction between biomaterials and the body defense mechanism, the “immune system”. The highly complex immune system involves the coordinated action of many immune cells that can produce various inflammatory and anti‐inflammatory cytokines. Besides, bone fracture healing initiates with acute inflammation and may later transform to a regenerative or degenerative phase mainly due to the cross‐talk between immune cells and other cells in the bone regeneration process. Among various immune cells, macrophages possess a significant role in the immune defense, where their polarization state plays a key role in the wound healing process. Growing evidence shows that the macrophage polarization state is highly sensitive to the biomaterial's physiochemical properties, and advances in biomaterial research now allow well controlled surface properties. This review provides an overview of biomaterial‐mediated modulation of the immune response for regulating key bone regeneration events, such as osteogenesis, osteoclastogenesis, and inflammation, and it discusses how these strategies can be utilized for future bone tissue engineering applications.

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Citric acid reduces oral biofilm and influences the electrochemical behavior of titanium: Anin situandin vitrostudy

Abstract: Citric acid appears to be an effective clinical alternative for treatment of the main etiologic factor in dental implant failure, biofilm formation, enhancing electrochemical behavior of titanium.

Cited by 33 publications

References 47 publications

Potential Causes of Titanium Particle and Ion Release in Implant Dentistry: A Systematic Review

Potential Causes of Titanium Particle and Ion Release in Implant Dentistry: A Systematic Review

Citric Acid Passivation of Titanium Dental Implants for Minimizing Bacterial Colonization Impact

Current Advances in Immunomodulatory Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration

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