City Hierarchies and the Distribution of City Size

Beckmann, Martin J.

doi:10.1086/449769

Cited by 288 publications

(126 citation statements)

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“…Hence, the hierarchical ranking of cities is usually assessed looking at their population, mainly focusing on the size-distribution of cities (Beckmann, 1958). On the other hand, from a functional perspective, the focus is put mainly on the distribution of functions and, as a consequence, on the centralities emerging within the region from the interaction among urban centres.…”

Section: Morphological Vs Functional Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Questioning Polycentric Development and its Effects. Issues of Definition and Measurement for the Italian NUTS-2 Regions

Veneri

Burgalassi

2012

European Planning Studies

133

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Polycentric development is a widely-used term both in academic research and in the normative agenda. However, its theoretical foundations and economic implications are still unknown and the concept of polycentricity still does not have a shared definition, or a shared measurement method. The aim of this paper is twofold. Firstly polycentricity is defined and measured at a NUTS 2 regional level, by comparing functional and morphological methods. Secondly, in the light of the role assigned to polycentric development in terms of policy, the paper investigates the relationships between the degree of regional polycentricity and the key economic variables of performance -namely competitiveness, social cohesion and environmental sustainability. The main finding was that functional and morphological methods led to similar results. In addition, a correlation was found between polycentricity and a more unequal income distribution and a higher level of productivity, especially when polycentricity was measured in functional terms. No stable correlations were found between polycentricity and measures of environmental sustainability, such as land consumption and greenhouse emissions.

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Section: Morphological Vs Functional Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Questioning Polycentric Development and its Effects. Issues of Definition and Measurement for the Italian NUTS-2 Regions

Veneri

Burgalassi

2012

European Planning Studies

133

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“…Some contributions to both areas are discussed below. Beckmann (1958) and Parr (1969) are interested in the sizes of the cities on different levels of hierarchy in Christaller's central place system. Based on the assumptions that the size of a city is proportional to the population it serves and that each city of a certain order has a certain number of "satellite" cities of the next lower order, Beckmann develops a system of multipliers by which the respective city sizes can be found.…”

Section: The Impact Of Christaller's and Lösch's Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hub Location Problems: The Location of Interacting Facilities

Kara

Taner

2011

International Series in Operations Research &Amp; Management Science

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), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. PrefaceThis book is the final result of a number of incidents that occurred to us while discussing location issues with colleagues at conferences. Frequently we attended presentations, in which the authors quoted the well-known references that helped to make the discipline what it is today. Upon further inquiry, though, it turned out that some of these colleagues had never actually read the original papers. We then discussed among ourselves which contributions could be credited with shaping the field. And, lo and behold, we found that we, too, had neglected to read some of the papers that form the foundation of our science. Whether it was laziness or other things that got in the way, it had become clear that something had to be done. Our first thought was to collect the original contributions (once we could agree on what they were) and reprint them. When discussing this possibility with a publisher, we immediately ran into a roadblock in the form of copyright. While this appeared to have stopped our enthusiastic effort dead in its tracks, we kept on collecting and reading what we considered original contributions.This went on until we met Camille Price, who suggested that, rather than reprinting the original contributions, we should invite some of the leaders in our field and ask them to describe the original contribution, explain and interpret it, and comment on the impact that it had to the field. This was, of course, an excellent idea, and the response by our colleagues to our pertinent requests was equally enthusiastic. What you hold in your hands is the result of this effort.In other words, the purpose of this book is to provide easy access to the main contributions to location theory. The book is organized as follows. The introductory chapter provides an overview of some of the many facets of location analysis. This is followed by contributions in the main three fields of inquiry: minisum, minimax, and covering problems. The next chapters are part of an ever-growing list of nonstandard location models: models including competitive components, those that locate undesirable facilities, those with probabilistic features, and those that allow interactions between facilities. The following chapters discuss solution techniques: after a discussion of exact and heuristic techniques, we devote an entire chapter to Weiszfeld's method, and another to Lagrangean techniques. The last chapters of this book deal with the spheres of influence that the facilities generate and that attract viii customers to them, an...

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“…This has been amply investigated at the regional level, using cities and towns as solid points and seeking their scale distribution within an interurban hierarchy [2][3][4][5][6][7]. Yet, a city should be viewed not only as a physical entity, but also as a pattern of point locations connected by flows of people, information, money, and commodities, as stated in the theory of The Urban Field [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Intra-Urban Hierarchy of Activity Centers—A Minimized Household Travel Energy Consumption Approach

Zhang

Xie

2015

Sustainability

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An intra-urban hierarchy of activity centers interconnected by non-motorized and public transportation is broadly believed to be the ideal urban spatial structure for sustainable cities. However, the proper hinterland area for centers at each level lacks empirical study. Based on the concentric structure of everyday travel distances, working centers, shopping centers, and neighborhood centers are extracted from corresponding types of POIs in 286 Chinese cities at the prefectural level and above. A U-shaped curve between Household Transportation Energy Consumption (HTEC) per capita and center density at each of the three levels has been found through regression analysis. An optimal intra-urban hierarchy of activity centers is suggested to construct energy-efficient cities.

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City Hierarchies and the Distribution of City Size

Cited by 288 publications

References 0 publications

Questioning Polycentric Development and its Effects. Issues of Definition and Measurement for the Italian NUTS-2 Regions

Questioning Polycentric Development and its Effects. Issues of Definition and Measurement for the Italian NUTS-2 Regions

Hub Location Problems: The Location of Interacting Facilities

Optimal Intra-Urban Hierarchy of Activity Centers—A Minimized Household Travel Energy Consumption Approach

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