Civil Liability in Europe for Terrorism-Related Risk

Abstract

Today terrorism has become a world-wide phenomenon which does not stop at the European borders. Following the 9/11 attacks on the World Trade Centre and terrorist attacks in Paris, Madrid and London, concerns have arisen in Europe about potential liability exposure for terrorism-related damage. This book tackles the problem of civil liability for damage caused by terrorist acts from several angles. The authors expertly deliver a comprehensive analysis of terrorism-related risk under international and EU law and the national tort law systems of seven representative EU Member States. They also provide a comparison of the situation in Europe to the liability environment in the US. Risk mitigation strategies are considered and critically assessed, as are alternative systems for redressing terrorism-related risks. The book concludes with a reflection on the analysis and presents possible strategies for future regulation by the European lawmakers.

Defensive Signal Processing: The Case for the Use of Nonparametric and Robust Statistical Methods to Reduce Product Liability Exposure

“…To date according to the prevailing opinion a distinction is usually made between commercial off-the-shelf software ('Standardsoftware') and individually produced software ('Individualsoftware'), with the former being considered to be a product while the latter is classified as a service ('Dienstleistung') [58].…”