Civil–Military Relations and the Securitisation of the COVID-19 Crisis in the Philippines and Malaysia

Candelaria, John Lee; Talamayan, Fernan

doi:10.1108/978-1-80455-588-020231005

Cited by 2 publications

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“…We see Duterte's consistency with his China stance as an extension of his prepandemic zero-sum logic that the Philippines could never win against a hypothetical war with China. Thus, he turned to the virus as the enemy, effectively securitizing the pandemic (Candelaria & Talamayan, 2023). After rejecting suggestions of implementing stricter border control, when the danger became real in March 2020, Duterte (2020c) seemed to have shifted from his populist to authoritarian politics as he turned his attention to the people-particularly the "pasaway" (disobedient and hardheaded).…”

Section: Duterte's Tfp During the Pandemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Duterte's transactionalist foreign policy and the COVID‐19 crisis in the Philippines

Candelaria,

Talamayan

2024

Asian Politics and Policy

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This article contributes a new layer to the existing analyses of Duterte's foreign policy by arguing that he epitomized a transactionalist approach to Philippine foreign policy. This approach favored bilateral to multilateral relations, focused on short‐term wins rather than long‐term foresight, adhered to a zero‐sum worldview, rejected value‐based policymaking, and did not follow a grand strategy. Most of these qualities have been apparent in Duterte's relationship with China, Russia, and the United States but became even more prominent during the COVID‐19 crisis. The analysis revealed that Duterte's transactionalist foreign policy rhymed with his domestic politics, and his obsession with winning now resulted in contradictions in his foreign policy, indicating a lack of a grand strategy that informed his decision‐making. This article contributes a real‐world case of a transactionalist foreign policy while considering whether it would persist in future policymaking in the Philippines.

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Section: Duterte's Tfp During the Pandemicmentioning

confidence: 99%