“…Arguably, these small private initiatives not only contribute to the shrinking importance of international NGOs through ‘disintermediation, political constraints, and public mistrust’ (Fowler, : 576), but they also become the career start for many of our postgraduate students. - Finally, non‐OECD‐DAC countries, and especially Brazil, India, China, and South Africa (the BRICS), are increasingly significant donors, establishing (or re‐establishing) a donor presence that in some cases dwarfs, and often concerns, that of the OECD‐DAC countries. To date, China's presence in Africa has been a particular focus (Brautigam, ), but the influence in terms of resources, ideology and practices from all these countries, along with the possibilities and challenges for forms of ‘trilateral cooperation’ (McEwan and Mawdsley, ; Zhang, ), will be of growing significance (Appe, ; Semrau and Thiele, ; Zhang and Smith, ).
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