Civil Society, Physical Activity, and the Involvement of Sport Sociologists in the Preparation of Physical Activity Professionals

Abstract

Civil society refers broadly to processes of collective decision-making and action that entail (a) active, uncoerced involvement; (b) trust of one’s fellow citizens; (c) responsibility and care for the well-being of others; and (d) social networks featuring many horizontal relationships. There is much evidence that a robust civil society is related to a better quality of life. Unfortunately, there is also evidence that civil society is declining, squeezed by both the market and the state. Because sports and exercise are often focal points for civic engagement, these activities have the potential to become important sites its revitalization. Therefore, a crucial task is the preparation of future physical activity professionals to become change agents who recognize the need for enhancing civil society and are familiar with strategies to help bring this about. Sport sociologists should take the lead in shaping this component of professional preparation.

Social Capital and College Sport: In Search of the Bridging Potential of Intercollegiate Athletics

“…However, such a position within society has actually been found to be strong in comparison with other social institutions within the community (Seippel, 2008), and that the true impact of sport upon social capital is widely undecided (e.g., Coalter, 2007). In fact, Putnam's notion of sport being able to generate networks linking individuals and groups within a community has resonated in past literature where sport provides opportunities for civic engagement (Harris, 1998) and can positively impact community development (Misener & Mason, 2006). Past research has similarly iterated where sport has enhanced social capital construction in rural communities (Atherley, 2006), among specific members of communities (Amara et al, 2004) and through community ownership and engagement (Jarvie, 2003).…”

“…Past research efforts indicate that sport has proven to reach out across diverse demographics such as age, class, and race (Harris, 1998;Palmer & Thompson, 2007). In fact, it was Harris (1998) who described sports as "communal endeavors" (p. 146) where social networks are created and subsequently transcend nearly all classes of people.…”

Competitive sport and social capital in rural Australia

“…For example, Harris (1998) suggests that sport can be used to foster new friendships and social connectivity, often across class, religious and ethnic boundaries. This can include players, non-playing participants (e.g.…”

The perceptions of modern sports of students in the department of physical education and sports in Turkey

“…According to the Sport and Recreation New Zelland (SPARC) (2003), sport and physical activity fosters cooperation and helps strengthen social ties and networks within communities. For example, Harris (1998), suggest that sport can be used to foster new friendship and social connectivity often across class, religous and ethnic boundaries. There is a significant parallel between extending sports, which is one of the most common and influential institutions of modern society, to wider populations and having people play sports as well as the development level of the society (Ünal, 2009).…”