CK12, a rainbow trout chemokine with lymphocyte chemo-attractant capacity associated to mucosal tissues

CK12a, a CCL19-like Chemokine That Orchestrates both Nasal and Systemic Antiviral Immune Responses in Rainbow Trout

“…2A–C, each CCL19-like gene displays a unique constitutive expression pattern. In agreement with a previous report (47), CK12 is primarily expressed in mucosal lymphoid tissues including the OO, with levels between 100–300 fold greater than those recorded in main lymphoid organs such as the spleen (Fig. 2A).…”

“…They showed no chemotactic activity of 0.1, 1 and 10 ng/ml of recombinant protein CK12b toward HKLs and PBLs cells in vitro using the Transwell system. Nevertheless, they observed moderate chemotactic activity in SLs exposed to 10 ng/ml of trout recombinant CK12b (47). We also tested the chemotactic ability of rCK12a in vitro using a Transwell assay system (Fig.…”

“…Moreover, a study in rainbow trout tested chemotactic activities of recombinant protein CK12b (acc. number CA346383) in HKLs, PBLs and SLs of rainbow trout (47). They showed no chemotactic activity of 0.1, 1 and 10 ng/ml of recombinant protein CK12b toward HKLs and PBLs cells in vitro using the Transwell system.…”

“…Moreover, a study on catfish showed that CCL19 gene expression is up-regulated significantly following Edwardsiella ictaluri and Flavobacterium columnare infection (41). In rainbow trout, the CCL19-like CK12 was suggested to have a role in mucosal immune responses given its constitutive expression in mucosal tissues such as gill, gut and skin (47). Furthermore, the mRNA levels of two other trout CCL19-like, CK10 and CK12 mRNA, increase following bath infection with viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) as well as infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) at the fin base and ovary, respectively (40, 48–50).…”

CsCCL17, a CC chemokine of Cynoglossus semilaevis, induces leukocyte trafficking and promotes immune defense against viral infection

“…In the rainbow trout, 304 the CC chemokine CK12 was strongly expressed in mucosal tissues but weakly expressed in 305 immune-related organs [50]. In half-smooth tongue sole, our findings showed that CsCCL17 306 expression was detected at relatively high levels in immune-related tissues under normal M A N U S C R I P T A C C E P T E D ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 16 physiological conditions, which is similar to that of turbot CC chemokine and Japanese flounder 308 CC chemokine [23,51]. These expression differences could be due to differences in fish species, 309 developmental stage, or the multiple roles of CC chemokines in immune surveillance.…”