“…Cardiovascular risk reduction is warranted in CKD patients (Richards et al., ). Risk stratification for albuminuria is recommended to assess for change in outcomes over time and the ACR is crucial to determining the prognosis of CKD (Schmieder et al., ; Thavarajah, Knicely, & Choi, ; Vassalotti et al., ). Thorp, Eastman, Smith, and Johnson () projected estimated cost savings of $18.56, $39.02, and $60.61 billion if the rate of GFR decline decreased in CKD patients by 10%, 20%, and 30%, respectively.…”