Cl/S isobar separation using an on-line reaction cell for 36Cl measurement at low energies

Eliades, J.; Litherland, A.E.; Kieser, W.E.; Cousins, Lisa M.; Ye, S.J.; Zhao, Xiaolei

doi:10.1016/j.nimb.2009.10.044

Cited by 35 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This has recently been demonstrated for the reduction of 36 S − in beams of 36 Cl − by over six orders of magnitude [3] and for the reduction of 41 KF − 3 in beams of 41 CaF − 3 by three orders of magnitude [4]. The latter example benefits greatly from the use of both these techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…2 of ref. [3]. Tests in which a real mass 36 beam, from a suite of 4 calibration samples 2 , was transmitted through the ISA demonstrated the linearity of the ISA analysis system over a range in 36 Cl/Cl ratios from 4 × 10 −11 to 4 × 10 −13 [4].…”

Section: Isobar Separation Using Ion-gas Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Following the reaction cell, the rare ions are reaccelerated for introduction to the remainder of the AMS system. Based on this design, a prototype was built, but with only one cell in which both cooling and reactions would take place [3]. A schematic drawing of this apparatus is shown in fig.…”

Section: Isobar Separation Using Ion-gas Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[13]. Preliminary tests with the ISA prototype [3] used small (nanoampere) beams of the stable isotopes of Cl and S as proxies to establish the attenuation factors as the pressure of NO 2 in the cell was varied. These showed an attenuation of the S − ions by 7 orders of magnitude at a NO 2 pressure of 8 μbar.…”

Section: Isobar Separation Using Ion-gas Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fluoride sample matrices and reaction cells — new capabilities for isotope measurements in accelerator mass spectrometry

Kieser

Zhao

Eliades

et al. 2012

EPJ Web of Conferences

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Two new techniques, which extend the range of elements that can be analyzed by Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS), and which increase its isobar selection capabilities, have been recently introduced. The first consists of embedding the sample material in a fluoride matrix (e.g. PbF 2 ), which facilitates the production, in the ion source, of fluoride molecular anions that include the isotope of interest. In addition to forming anions with large electron binding energies and thereby increasing the range of analysable elements, in many cases by selection of a molecular form with a particular number of fluorine atoms, some isobar discrimination can be obtained. The second technique, for the significant reduction of atomic isobar interferences, is used following mass selection of the rare isotope. It consists of the deceleration, cooling and reaction of the rare mass beam with a gas, selected so that unwanted isobars are greatly attenuated in comparison with the isotope of interest. Proof of principle measurements for the analysis of 36 Cl and 41 Ca have provided encouraging results and work is proceeding on the integration of these techniques in a new AMS system planned for installation in late 2012 at the University of Ottawa. EPJ Web of Conferences

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Isobar Separation Using Ion-gas Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Isobar Separation Using Ion-gas Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Isobar Separation Using Ion-gas Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Fluoride sample matrices and reaction cells — new capabilities for isotope measurements in accelerator mass spectrometry

Kieser

Zhao

Eliades

et al. 2012

EPJ Web of Conferences

Self Cite

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“…The use of anion-gas interactions in Radiofrequency Quadrupole (RFQ) ion guide reaction cells has been shown to be very effective in the elimination of a number of atomic and molecular isobars which have caused difficulties for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) measurements [1,2]. This presentation begins with a review of the early work leading to the use of ion-gas reactions and continues with a discussion the recent measurements of the efficacy of this technique, some of which involve fluoride molecular anions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

RFQ Reaction Cells for AMS: Developments and Applications

Kieser

Zhao

Litherland

et al. 2013

EPJ Web of Conferences

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Abstract. The use of anion-gas interactions in Radiofrequency Quadrupole (RFQ) ion guide reaction cells has been shown to be very effective in the elimination of a number of atomic and molecular isobars which have caused difficulties for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) measurements [1,2]. This presentation begins with a review of the early work leading to the use of ion-gas reactions and continues with a discussion the recent measurements of the efficacy of this technique, some of which involve fluoride molecular anions. However, the transformation of the equipment used for these proof-of-principle measurements into a system suitable for routine analysis has required attention to aspects of the ion beam transport and gas handling subsystems. For example, the cross sections of the ion-gas reactions, involving both the analyte ion as well as the isobar, are critically dependent on the ion energy which has to be reduced from the ion source energy, usually between 20 and 80 keV, to energies typically in the range of several eV, a task complicated by the energy spread and divergence of beams from AMS sputter sources. With simulations using SIMION 8.1 [3] and tests of promising configurations in a laboratory system, principles for the design of the retarder optics have been developed. These are discussed, along with their planned implementation in a next generation analytical system.

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Mass spectrometry with accelerators

2010

Mass Spectrometry Reviews

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As one in a series of articles on Canadian contributions to mass spectrometry, this review begins with an outline of the history of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS), noting roles played by researchers at three Canadian AMS laboratories. After a description of the unique features of AMS, three examples, (14)C, (10)Be, and (129)I are given to illustrate the methods. The capabilities of mass spectrometry have been extended by the addition of atomic isobar selection, molecular isobar attenuation, further ion acceleration, followed by ion detection and ion identification at essentially zero dark current or ion flux. This has been accomplished by exploiting the techniques and accelerators of atomic and nuclear physics. In 1939, the first principles of AMS were established using a cyclotron. In 1977 the selection of isobars in the ion source was established when it was shown that the (14)N(-) ion was very unstable, or extremely difficult to create, making a tandem electrostatic accelerator highly suitable for assisting the mass spectrometric measurement of the rare long-lived radioactive isotope (14)C in the environment. This observation, together with the large attenuation of the molecular isobars (13)CH(-) and (12)CH 2(-) during tandem acceleration and the observed very low background contamination from the ion source, was found to facilitate the mass spectrometry of (14)C to at least a level of (14)C/C ~ 6 × 10(-16), the equivalent of a radiocarbon age of 60,000 years. Tandem Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, or AMS, has now made possible the accurate radiocarbon dating of milligram-sized carbon samples by ion counting as well as dating and tracing with many other long-lived radioactive isotopes such as (10)Be, (26)Al, (36)Cl, and (129)I. The difficulty of obtaining large anion currents with low electron affinities and the difficulties of isobar separation, especially for the heavier mass ions, has prompted the use of molecular anions and the search for alternative methods of isobar separation. These techniques are discussed in the latter part of the review.

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Cl/S isobar separation using an on-line reaction cell for 36Cl measurement at low energies

Cited by 35 publications

References 7 publications

Fluoride sample matrices and reaction cells — new capabilities for isotope measurements in accelerator mass spectrometry

Fluoride sample matrices and reaction cells — new capabilities for isotope measurements in accelerator mass spectrometry

RFQ Reaction Cells for AMS: Developments and Applications

Mass spectrometry with accelerators

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