CLA reduces antigen-induced histamine and PGE<sub>2</sub>release from sensitized guinea pig tracheae

Whigham, Leah D.; Cook, Ellen B.; Stahl, James L.; Saban, Ricardo; Bjorling, Dale E.; Pariza, Michael W.; Cook, Mark E.

doi:10.1152/ajpregu.2001.280.3.r908

Cited by 93 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…A similar decrease in PGE 2 release from antigen-sensitized and -challenged guinea pig tracheas was shown in an earlier study (42). Dietary CLA has also been shown to decrease prostanoid levels in serum (37,38), bone (22), spleen (38), and cultured keratinocytes (24).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…For example, it is unclear whether or not CLA decreases prostanoid and LT release through a histamine-related mechanism. We previously showed that tracheas from CLA-fed animals have decreased histamine release in response to antigen challenge (42). Because histamine induces release of the mediators measured (32), CLA could be acting through inhibition of histamine release rather than directly affecting prostanoid and LT synthesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…We previously showed that dietary CLA lowered prostaglandin (PG)E 2 and histamine release in response to antigen challenge (42) in a guinea pig model for type I (immediate) hypersensitivity, a standard model for studying asthma and allergies (12,41). The mechanism by which CLA lower PGE 2 levels may be, at least in part, inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX), the enzyme responsible for the initial steps in converting arachidonic acid into prostanoids [PG and thromboxanes (TX)] (2).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Body weights and feed consumption were recorded weekly, but did not differ between diet groups, and therefore, they were not reported. Guinea pigs were sensitized to OVA with an initial intraperitoneal injection of 50 g OVA in PBS with 1 mg aluminum hydroxide followed 14 days later by a subcutaneous injection (flank) of 200 g OVA in PBS emulsified with incomplete Freund's adjuvant (1:1 vol: vol) (42). Guinea pigs were killed with an intraperitoneal injection of pentobarbital sodium (100 mg/kg) 4 days after the subcutaneous injection.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Decreased antigen-induced eicosanoid release in conjugated linoleic acid-fed guinea pigs

Whigham¹,

Higbee

Bjorling

et al. 2002

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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E. Cook. Decreased antigen-induced eicosanoid release in conjugated linoleic acid-fed guinea pigs. Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol 282: R1104-R1112, 2002 10.1152/ ajpregu.00075.2001.-This study investigated the capacity of conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) to reduce ex vivo antigeninduced release of eicosanoids in a type I hypersensitivity model. Guinea pigs were fed a diet containing 0.25% safflower oil (control) or 0.25% CLA [43% trans (t)10, cis (c)12; 41% c9, t11/t9, c11 18:2] for 2 wk before and during sensitization to ovalbumin (OVA). Lungs, tracheas, and bladders were incubated in physiological saline solution (PSS) for 1 h (basal mediator release) and challenged with OVA (0.01 g/l PSS) for 1 h (mediator release in response to antigen). Eicosanoids were quantified by HPLC/tandem mass spectrometry or enzyme immunoassay. CLA feeding resulted in no change in basal release but decreased eicosanoid release from sensitized tissues in response to antigen challenge in the following manner: thromboxane B 2, 6-keto-prostaglandin (PG)F1␣, PGF 2␣, PGD2, PGE2 by 57-75% in lung, 45-65% in trachea, and 38-60% in bladder; and leukotriene C 4/D4/E4 by 87, 90, and 50% in lung, trachea, and bladder, respectively. These data indicate that feeding CLA reduces lipid-derived inflammatory mediators produced by this type I hypersensitivity model. type I hypersensitivity; lung; trachea; bladder A GROUP OF 18-C FATTY ACID isomers referred to as conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) has been shown to have many biological effects, including modulation of the immune system (9, 26, 37, 38). We previously showed that dietary CLA lowered prostaglandin (PG)E 2 and histamine release in response to antigen challenge (42) in a guinea pig model for type I (immediate) hypersensitivity, a standard model for studying asthma and allergies (12, 41). The mechanism by which CLA lower PGE 2 levels may be, at least in part, inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX), the enzyme responsible for the initial steps in converting arachidonic acid into prostanoids [PG and thromboxanes (TX)] (2). CLA isomers are similar to linoleic acid (the precursor of arachidonic acid), except the double bonds are in a conjugated formation (i.e., a 1,3-diene, not methylene interrupted). This structural difference (a conjugated diene) in similar 20-C fatty acids has been shown to inhibit the enzymatic activity of COX in vitro as measured by PG production (28).For many years, prostanoids have been implicated in the pathogenesis of type I hypersensitivity disorders such as asthma. We hypothesized that feeding dietary CLA would decrease prostanoids and leukotrienes (LT) released in response to antigen challenge. A liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method was used to quantify the prostanoids released from sensitized guinea pig tissues exposed to antigen in tissue baths. Stable products of each of the five possible pathways downstream of COX were analyzed. LT were quantified using a combination of LC/MS/MS and enzyme immunoassay. Previous investigation...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Decreased antigen-induced eicosanoid release in conjugated linoleic acid-fed guinea pigs

Whigham¹,

Higbee

Bjorling

et al. 2002

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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“…In the present study, we did not attempt to address the issue how Ova exposure sensitized PCFs. However, it is well established that Ova exposure in guinea pigs produces substantial pulmonary inflammation (17,41) and increased the release of inflammatory mediators, such as histamine (40), bradykinin (24), and prostaglandins (18,40). Because all of these mediators are known to sensitize/stimulate PCFs (23), they are probably involved in Ova sensitization of PCFs.…”

Section: Dvh In Ova Guinea Pigs Involves At Least Partially the Supmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ovalbumin sensitization alters the ventilatory responses to chemical challenges in guinea pigs

Zhuang²,

Zhou³

et al. 2005

Journal of Applied Physiology

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tients with chronic bronchial asthma show a depressed ventilatory response to hypoxia (DVH), but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We tested whether DVH existed in ovalbumin (Ova)-treated guinea pigs, an established animal model of asthma. Twelve guinea pigs were exposed to Ova (1% in saline) or saline aerosol (control) for 5 min, 5 days/wk, for 2 wk. After completing aerosol exposure, the animals were anesthetized and exposed to systemic hypoxia. Ova treatment had no effects on animal body weight, baseline cardiorespiratory variables, or arterial blood O 2 and CO2 tensions, but it attenuated the ventilatory response to hypoxia (10 breaths of pure N 2) by 65% (P Ͻ 0.05). When the animals were subjected to intracarotid injections of sodium cyanide (20 g) and doxapram (2 mg) to selectively stimulate carotid chemoreceptors, the ventilatory responses were reduced by 50% (P Ͻ 0.05) and 74% (P Ͻ 0.05), respectively. In contrast, Ova exposure failed to affect the ventilatory response to CO 2 (7% CO2-21% O2-balance N2 for 5 min; P Ͼ 0.05). Furthermore, the apneic response evoked by stimulating bronchopulmonary C fibers (PCFs) with right atrial injection of capsaicin (5 g) was markedly increased in the Ova-sensitized group (5.02 Ϯ 1.56 s), compared with the control group (1.82 Ϯ 0.45 s; P Ͻ 0.05). These results suggest that Ova sensitization induces a DVH in guinea pigs, which probably results from an attenuation of the carotid chemoreceptor-mediated ventilatory excitation and an enhancement of the PCF-mediated ventilatory inhibition. carotid body; bronchopulmonary C fibers; hypoxia; capsaicin; inflammation RESPIRATORY FAILURE FROM ASTHMA is a common clinical symptom and a primary cause of high mortality. A study through a period of 7 yr indicated that 68% of asthmatic patients had two or more episodes of respiratory failure that led to an ϳ10% death rate (30). Ventilatory arrest in the near-fatal nature of the exacerbations is dominant compared with cardiac arrest (26). It is generally recognized that patients with chronic bronchial asthma have a depressed ventilatory response to hypoxia (DVH) that may contribute to the respiratory failure (4, 11, 14 -16, 21, 33, 38), although an absence (27) of DVH or an increase of ventilatory response to hypoxia (20) was also reported. Hudgel and Weil (14,15) first reported a severe DVH in asthmatic individuals in 1974. Subsequent studies confirmed this observation and further indicated that the amplitude of minute ventilation (V E) in response to progressive isocapnic hypoxia was significantly attenuated in both young and adult patients compared with age-matched normal subjects (4,11,16,21,33,38). A severely diminished hypoxic perception was also found in asthmatic patients; a typical example is that the patients who had asthma displayed cyanosis but had no dyspnea at all (21). This blunted hypoxic perception could impair the behavioral control of breathing and worsen hypoxemia by reducing ventilatory augmentation. To date, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying DVH i...

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Conjugated Linoleic Acid Oils

Kapoor¹,

Reaney²,

Westcott³

2005

Bailey's Industrial Oil and Fat Products

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Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a name given to a mixture of geometric and positional isomers of linoleic acid having conjugated double bonds. Depending on the position and cis‐trans‐configuration of conjugated double bonds, 54 isomers are possible, of which 14 isomers have been identified in commercial products. CLA was first produced in 1935 via alkali treatment of polyunsaturated fatty acid rich oils. The early research used CLA mainly as a marker for the study of fat metabolism because of its high UV absorbency compared with nonconjugated fat. From the 1980's, the research interest has increased in its biological properties, particularly its role in cancer, diabetes, and fat metabolism regulation. The present chapter discusses the metabolism, uses, method of production, and analysis of CLA.

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CLA reduces antigen-induced histamine and PGE₂release from sensitized guinea pig tracheae

Cited by 93 publications

References 25 publications

Decreased antigen-induced eicosanoid release in conjugated linoleic acid-fed guinea pigs

Decreased antigen-induced eicosanoid release in conjugated linoleic acid-fed guinea pigs

Ovalbumin sensitization alters the ventilatory responses to chemical challenges in guinea pigs

Conjugated Linoleic Acid Oils

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CLA reduces antigen-induced histamine and PGE2release from sensitized guinea pig tracheae

Cited by 93 publications

References 25 publications

Decreased antigen-induced eicosanoid release in conjugated linoleic acid-fed guinea pigs

Decreased antigen-induced eicosanoid release in conjugated linoleic acid-fed guinea pigs

Ovalbumin sensitization alters the ventilatory responses to chemical challenges in guinea pigs

Conjugated Linoleic Acid Oils

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CLA reduces antigen-induced histamine and PGE₂release from sensitized guinea pig tracheae