Cladistic and phenetic analysis of relationships in Vicia subgenus Vicia (Fabaceae) by morphology and isozymes

Phylogenetic relationships between and within sections Hypechusa, Narbonensis and Peregrinae of genus Vicia (Fabaceae) based on evidence from isozymes and morphology

“…The present study extends our previous work [16] with an emphasis on the following two issues: (i) the phylogenetic position of section Narbonensis relative to sections Hypechusa and Peregrinae that remained uncertain in our previous work [16]; (ii) phylogenetic relationships and distinctness of two series accepted within section Hypechusa by including data about four additional species, V. mollis, V. noeana, V. sericocarpa and V. ciliatula, not studied previously. Three more isozymes and twelve new morphological characters were included to improve the resolution of phylogenetic relationships.…”

“…The paper extends the previous work of Leht and Jaaska (2002) by describing variation of 16 isozymes and 86 morphological characters among 17 Vicia species belonging to sections Hypechusa, Narbonensis and Peregrinae of the type subgenus in comparison with V. bithynica of section Pseudolathyrus. Three more isozymes and 12 new morphological characters are included to improve the resolution of phylogenetic relationships.…”

“…The characters were studied on air-dry herbarium material using a stereomicroscope (Olympos SZ/SC), and also taken from the literature [5,17,25]. In comparison with our previous study [16], the list of morphological characters was revised by excluding six characters that appeared highly homoplasious and by including 12 new characters (16,20,27,33,59, 62, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84 in Table 2). …”

“…Enzyme extracts for electrophoresis were made as described previously [16]. Preliminary analyses used one or two seeds per accession.…”

“…6 A serious limitation for using isozymes in phylogenetic analysis is considerable homoplasy, partly caused by hidden genetic heterogeneity among the electrophoretically similar isozymes. This cryptic variability may be detected and thus diminished by applying optimal and alternative electrophoretic systems for the analysis of each isozyme system, as was previously shown on the example of Vicia species [16,26]. The following six gel-buffer systems and four catholytes were combined for different enzymes to achieve better band resolution:…”