Cladistic relationships in the genus Schizanthus (Solanaceae)

Peña, Raúl C.; Muñoz, Orlando

doi:10.1016/s0305-1978(01)00063-1

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Pérez et al (2006) assigned a hummingbird-pollination syndrome to S. grahamii and a bee-pollination syndrome to S. hookeri on the basis of eight different floral traits, and among them colour of the corolla, red in S. grahamii and light pink-purple in S. hookeri. Although some of their morphological characters are different, the phylogenetic studies on the genus Schizanthus have revealed that these two species belong to the same clade (Peña and Muñoz, 2002;Pérez et al, 2006). Furthermore, the ancestral reconstruction of flower visitors carried out on this genus (Pérez et al, 2006) revealed that the ancestral flower was probably bee-pollinated, and that the traits associated with hummingbird-pollination, red corollas among them, evolved only in S. grahamii.…”

Section: Differences In the Anthocyanin Composition Of S Grahamii Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and Schizanthus hookeri Gill. ex Graham (from now onwards S. grahamii and S. hookeri) are very closely related species and form a clade not only if genetic or morphologic features are considered (Pérez et al, 2006(Pérez et al, , 2011 but also when alkaloid composition is taken into account (Peña and Muñoz, 2002). Despite this, S. grahamii and S. hookeri show different pollination syndromes, hummingbird-pollination syndrome in the first case and bee-pollination syndrome in the second.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the alkaloid compositions of these species have been studied in detail (Cretton et al, 2011;Peña and Muñoz, 2002) there are no reports on their anthocyanin compositions. Thus, the objective of the present study was to establish the anthocyanin composition of these two related Schizanthus species in order to identify the differences that are responsible for the differences in the colour and that, consequently, contribute to the different pollination syndromes they show.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Schizanthus grahamii and Schizanthus hookeri. Is there any relationship between their anthocyanin compositions and their different pollination syndromes?

Alcalde-Eon¹,

Rivas-Gonzalo²,

Muñoz³

et al. 2013

Phytochemistry

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Three different pollination syndromes (bee, hummingbird and moth-pollination syndromes) have been described for the different species of the genus Schizanthus Ruiz & Pav. (Solanaceae). Two closely related species from a phylogenetic point of view, Schizanthus grahamii and Schizanthus hookeri, show hummingbird and bee-pollination syndromes, respectively. One of the traits used to assign these pollination syndromes is the colour of the petals, which is red in S. grahamii and bluish-pink in S. hookeri. The objective of this work was to establish the differences in the anthocyanin composition of these two Schizanthus species that contribute to the different pollination syndrome. Identification of the pigments was carried out from the chromatographic and spectral data supplied by the HPLC-DAD-MS(n) analyses of the samples. Alkaline and acid hydrolyses were also performed in the extracts and in some isolated compounds in order to confirm the identities. First difference between these two species was found in the total anthocyanin content, which was about 13-fold higher in S. grahamii than in S. hookeri. Furthermore, the major peak was also different in both cases, thus explaining quantitative and qualitative colour differences between species. Delphinidin 3-O-rutinoside represented ca. 72% of the total area in S. grahamii and petanin (Petunidin 3-O-p-coumaroylrutinoside-5-O-glucoside) accounted for almost 62% of the total area in S. hookeri. The presence of the p-coumaroylrutinosyl moiety in the petanin makes the intramolecular copigmentation possible, thus conferring the bluish-pink hue to the petals of S. hookeri. Delphinidin 3-O-rutinoside is in turn responsible for the red colour exhibited by the petals of S. grahamii and along with other floral traits, responsible for the attraction of hummingbirds to the plant. Pigments structurally related to petanin, which have been often detected in other genus of Solanaceae, were detected in both species and in similar contents, supporting results from previous studies that pointed to a bee-pollinated common ancestor for both species that further specialised acquiring traits attractive to hummingbirds and among them, red colour of the petals which is mainly supplied by delphinidin 3-O-rutinoside.

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Section: Differences In the Anthocyanin Composition Of S Grahamii Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Schizanthus grahamii and Schizanthus hookeri. Is there any relationship between their anthocyanin compositions and their different pollination syndromes?

Alcalde-Eon¹,

Rivas-Gonzalo²,

Muñoz³

et al. 2013

Phytochemistry

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“…A previous study reported the isolation of a pyrrolidine alkaloid, 1-methyl-2-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)-ethyl-6deoxy-3-O-angeloyl--galactopyranoside, from the basal aerial parts of S. integrifolius [16], which also includes a hygroline moiety. According to Peña and Muñoz [17], the presence of a hygroline derivative in S. integrifolius is a case of primitivism.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Two New Hygroline and Tropane Alkaloids Isolated from Schizanthus Hookeri and S. Tricolor (Solanaceae)

Cretton

Muñoz

Tapia

et al. 2017

Natural Product Communications

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Two new hygroline and tropane alkaloids, 4-hydroxybenzenepropanoylhygroline (1) and 3α,4β-dihydroxy-6β-angeloyoxytropane (2) have been isolated from the aerial parts of Schizanthus hookeri and S. tricolor, respectively, two plants indigenous from Chile. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and high resolution mass spectrometry. Their antiparasitic activity and cytotoxicity were measured.

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“…Aerial parts and roots of Schizanthus grahamii, S. hookeri, S. porrigens and S. pinnatus contain tropane alkaloids and in particular the ditropinesters called schizanthines A to M, and X to Z [51][52][53] ( Figure 4). The separation of isomeric tropane alkaloids from S. grahamii was performed by non-aqueous capillary electrophoresis [54].…”

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confidence: 99%

Toxic Chemical Compounds of the Solanaceae

Pomilio

Falzoni

Vitale

2008

Natural Product Communications

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The Solanaceae is comprised of some 2500 species of cosmopolitan plants, especially native to the American continent. They have great value as food, like the well-known potato, tomato and eggplants, and medicines, like species of Atropa, Withania and Physalis, but many plants of this family are toxic, and sometimes lethal to mammals, in particular to man. Some of them also produce hallucinations and perceptual changes. The toxic species of this family are characterized by the occurrence of a variety of chemical compounds, some of which are responsible for the toxicity and lethality observed after ingestion, while others are suspected to be toxic. In this review, the following toxic compounds belonging to different members of the Solanaceae family are described: Tropane alkaloids (Atropa, Datura, Hyoscyamus, Mandragora); pyrrolidine and pyrrolic alkaloids (Nierembergia, Physalis, Solanum); protoalkaloids (Nierembergia); glycoalkaloids (Lycopersicon, Solanum); nicotine (Nicotiana); cardenolides (Cestrum, Nierembergia); capsaicinoids (Capsicum); kaurene-type tetracyclic diterpenes (Cestrum); steroidal glycosides (Cestrum, Solanum); 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 and vitamin D 3 (Cestrum, Solanum, Nierembergia); and withasteroids, withanolides (Withania), and physalins (Physalis). Other bioactive chemical constituents of members of this family are sugar esters and lectins. Phenylpropanoids are not included in this paper.

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Cladistic relationships in the genus Schizanthus (Solanaceae)

Cited by 11 publications

References 10 publications

Schizanthus grahamii and Schizanthus hookeri. Is there any relationship between their anthocyanin compositions and their different pollination syndromes?

Schizanthus grahamii and Schizanthus hookeri. Is there any relationship between their anthocyanin compositions and their different pollination syndromes?

Two New Hygroline and Tropane Alkaloids Isolated from Schizanthus Hookeri and S. Tricolor (Solanaceae)

Toxic Chemical Compounds of the Solanaceae

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