“…We argue that shortcomings in the conceptualization and operationalization of acculturation likely account for the many contradictory findings in this area of research. Widely-used methodologies to characterize acculturation in the context of studies of both physical (Abraído-Lanza et al, 2006; Berry, 1998; Comer, 2003; Hunt et al, 2004; Lopez-Class et al, 2011; Schwartz et al, 2010) and mental health outcomes (Berry, 2009; Chirkov, 2009; Gonzales et al, 2002; Tardif-Williams & Fisher, 2009; Ward, 2008) have been criticized. We build upon those previous critiques, summarize major inadequacies from past studies, and suggest alternative approaches that would enhance the quality of research in this area (Table 1).…”