Clarifying the link between traumatic brain injury and homelessness: Workshop proceedings

Topolovec-Vranic, Jane; Ennis, Naomi; Ouchterlony, Donna; Cusimano, Michael D.; Colantonio, Angela; Hwang, Stephen W.; Kontos, Pia; Stergiopoulos, Vicky; Brenner, Lisa A.

doi:10.3109/02699052.2013.823666

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The deficits following TBI such as with memory, attention, or planning made it difficult to maintain employment and housing (Anderson et al, ; Oddy et al, ). Low employment rates following a TBI were suggested as exacerbating circumstances and leading to homelessness (Topolovec‐Vranic et al, ). Similarly individuals with developmental disabilities had high levels of job instability (Hennessey et al, ; Keyser & Mathiesen, ; McCarthy et al, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Barriers to rehabilitation were not always internalised, as some studies highlighted the difficulties homeless services had meeting the needs of individuals with CIs. These studies reported a lack of awareness of CIs, a lack of specialised programs to treat CI and co‐occurring conditions, and inappropriate and low‐quality housing which was unsustainable in the long term (Colman et al, ; Hebblethwaite et al, ; Oakes & Davis, ; Topolovec‐Vranic et al, ). Difficulties in accessing support were also highlighted for persons with mild or “high‐functioning” ASD who were either undiagnosed, experiencing long delays during the diagnostic process, or did not meet the threshold for care or mental health services (Campbell, ; Pritchard, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bymaster et al () discussed life experiences working in multifactorial ways alongside socioeconomic disadvantages to increase risk of homelessness and decrease possibility of rehabilitation. Similarly, Topolovec‐Vranic et al () recognised that sustaining a TBI could not be extracted from the context of other issues such as mental health problems or poverty. The findings of this review also support claims that, in some instances, the relationship between homelessness and acquired cognitive impairment may be bidirectional.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cognitive impairment and homelessness: A scoping review

Stone

Dowling

Cameron

2018

Health Soc Care Community

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This paper reports the findings of a scoping review designed to identify research which has explored the relationship between cognitive impairment and homelessness. A systematic search of databases for articles published between 2007 and 2017 was conducted using keywords relating to cognitive impairments and homelessness. Sources were expanded using manual searches of citations and grey literature. Forty studies represented in 45 papers were selected for review using predefined inclusion criteria. Sources were subject to quality appraisal and data were extracted in line with review questions. Prevalence studies were over‐represented in the review, while qualitative data were lacking. Aetiology of impairments was delineated by acquired and developmental causes. A variety of measures were employed by studies which were not validated in homeless populations. Studies did not give sufficient consideration to co‐occurring disorders and overlapping symptoms between aetiologies. Because of these factors, it was difficult to conclude that all studies had accurately measured what they set out to; however, the evidence suggested that cognitive impairment was disproportionately over‐represented in homeless populations. Cognitive impairment was found to be both a risk factor to and perpetuator of homelessness. Risk factors for homelessness were similar to those of the general population, though exaggerated by sequelae of certain cognitive impairments. The results of this review suggest that more attention needs to be paid to the underlying socioeconomic disadvantages, persons with cognitive impairments face which may lead to homelessness. Further research should prioritise the voice of homeless persons with cognitive impairments, to better understand both causes of homelessness and effective methods of rehabilitation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cognitive impairment and homelessness: A scoping review

Stone

Dowling

Cameron

2018

Health Soc Care Community

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“…Additionally, there is increased awareness in those serving homeless persons that TBI specifically is very common and complicates successful housing and other goals. However, there are limited studies addressing the more complex client that is homeless with TBI [4,[28][29][30][31][32][33][34]40].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Care: Provider referrer perceptions of occupational therapy services for homeless adults in an integrated primary care setting

Merryman

Synovec

2020

WOR

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BACKGROUND: Occupational therapists have a long history of addressing community performance and participation challenges faced by individuals with complex, chronic conditions, including those with serious mental illnesses (SMI) and cognitive issues that present with a traumatic brain injury (TBI). Healthcare reform has shifted incentives to support practices that promote successful community life for people with complex medical conditions. Community based care models emphasizing integrated primary care, such as Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHC) are emerging, and a generalist role for occupational therapy is being defined. Those with complex comorbid conditions such as mental illness, substance abuse and traumatic brain injury are at risk for negative health outcomes that are further compounded by homelessness. There is a critical need to understand effective treatment options for this population to reduce the negative effects of chronic health conditions. As occupational therapists further define a role serving traditional clients in less traditional settings, such as the FQHC, it is helpful to explore the perceptions of the utility of OT services on the part of provider referrers. OBJECTIVE: This study explored provider referrer perceptions of a new occupational therapy service for homeless adults in an FQHC to assist effective allocation of scarce resources. METHODS: Twelve provider referrers at an FQHC were interviewed regarding their perception of the role and utility of occupational therapy in this setting. Interviews were then coded for themes. RESULTS: Providers identified the unique value of occupational therapy, emphasizing critical information gleaned from the performance-based assessment of functional cognition, and the positive impact on team interactions and subsequent care decisions. CONCLUSION: Occupational therapy provides a distinct perspective on client performance in FQHC settings indicating benefit for inclusion of services.

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“…There are a few examples of research agendas published in relation to TBI, but to our knowledge none explicitly focus on long-term community integration. Some address specific topics, such as homelessness 19 or the needs of women with TBI, 20 whereas others are more global looking at all aspects of TBI 11 . One of the first published examples of a consensus activity to identify research priorities specific to TBI occurred in 2005 11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Priorities for Optimizing Long-term Community Integration after Brain Injury

Nalder

Zabjek

Dawson

et al. 2018

Can. J. Neurol. Sci.

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ObjectiveThis paper reports on a funded summit, which convened a multidisciplinary group of experts to provide consensus on the research priorities necessary for improving long-term community integration of individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and their caregivers.MethodsThe 2-day summit was directed using the World Café Methodology, to engage stakeholders and collaboratively arrive at a consensus on the problems to be targeted in research. Participants (n=54), drawn from two Canadian provinces, included an interdisciplinary group of researchers, clinicians, representatives from brain injury associations, individuals with TBI, and caregivers. In small groups, participants discussed challenges to long-term community integration and potential initiatives that would address these barriers. Field notes from the discussions were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.ResultsThe consensus on prioritized research directions included developing interventions to optimize the functioning and participation of individuals with TBI, reducing caregiver burden, and evaluating how emerging technology can facilitate delivery of care.ConclusionsThe World Café Methodology was an effective method for developing research priorities. The breadth of expertise of participants and the collegial environment allowed for the identification of a broad perspective on important future research directions with potential to enhance the long-term community integration of individuals with brain injury.

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Clarifying the link between traumatic brain injury and homelessness: Workshop proceedings

Abstract: There is very little empirical literature on the topic of TBI and homelessness. The workshop identified key issues for consideration, including gaps in knowledge related to this topic.

Cited by 7 publications

References 24 publications

Cognitive impairment and homelessness: A scoping review

Cognitive impairment and homelessness: A scoping review

Integrated Care: Provider referrer perceptions of occupational therapy services for homeless adults in an integrated primary care setting

Research Priorities for Optimizing Long-term Community Integration after Brain Injury

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