Clarifying the Relationship of Dissociative Experiences to Suicide Ideation and Attempts: A Multimethod Examination in Two Samples

Pachkowski, Mikayla C.; Rogers, Megan L.; Saffer, Boaz Y.; Caulfield, Nicole M.; Klonsky, E. David

doi:10.1016/j.beth.2021.03.006

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Dissociation’s relationship to suicide attempts over and above its relationship to ideation remains unclear. While many studies have examined the direction association between dissociation and suicide attempts (Calati et al, 2017), only one study has controlled for SI in assessing the relationship between dissociation and suicide attempts (Pachkowski et al, 2021). This study found dissociation to be elevated among those with a history of suicide attempts compared to those with a history of SI alone in two different samples, with small to moderate effect sizes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Capability refers to the ability to make a suicide attempt, including the ability to overcome the pain and fear inherent to engaging in lethal self-injury (Joiner, 2005). Notably, several researchers suggest that a dissociative state may decrease the experience of pain and fear, and thereby increase an individual’s capability to attempt suicide (Caulfield, Karnick et al, 2022; Pachkowski et al, 2021; P. N. Smith & Cukrowicz, 2010).…”

Section: Current Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The relationship between dissociative experiences and suicide ideation: A meta-analytic review.

Pachkowski,

Klonsky

2023

Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice

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Objectives: Suicide theory and research address the link between dissociation and suicide attempts, but not suicide ideation (SI). To address this gap, the present meta-analysis examined the relationship of dissociation to SI. Method: A systematic search of three online databases (PsycINFO, Web of Science, and PubMed) was conducted on September 12, 2022 to identify studies that included measures of both dissociation and SI. The dissociation–ideation association was computed, and moderating variables and publication bias were explored. Results: Thirty-seven studies (N = 12,188) meeting inclusion criteria were meta-analyzed, including studies of clinical, community, and undergraduate samples. A positive relationship (r = .32, p < .001) was found between dissociation and SI. The association was stronger in studies that assessed recent history of SI (r = .34) compared to lifetime (r = .21), and that assessed SI with a multi-item scale (r = .38) compared to a single item (r = .27). No evidence of publication bias was observed. Discussion: The association observed is comparable in strength to variables emphasized by prominent suicide theories and appears to conflict with some theoretical predictions about the role of dissociation in suicide risk. Clinical implications, limitations, and future directions are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%