Clasificación, estructura y diversidad del matorral submontanoadyacente a la planicie costera del GolfoNorte en el Noreste de México

Abstract

A study of piedmont scrub adjacent to the Gulf Coastal Plain in the State Nuevo Leon was carried out. Canopy cover values, density, height, frequency, and importance value from all shrub species of the piedmont scrub were recorded in each of the 39 sites sampled. We recorded 233 taxa, including 55 families, 150 genera, and 228 species. Thirty nine of the species define almost 95% of the different vegetation associations of the piedmont scrub. Seven dominant growth forms were recorded, shrubs, trees, rosetophyllous, succulents, herbs, lianas, and parasites. The shrubs are the dominant specie (116 species), followed by trees (39) and shrubby and herbaceous succulents (26). Non-thorny shrubs are the dominant species in the three strata of the piedmont scrub. Based on importance values of the 39 most important species, piedmont scrub was classified by means of cluster analysis. Four main groups and eight plant associations are recognized. We recorded 19 endemic species into the piedmont scrub, 15 herbs, three succulents (small cacti) and one tree, there is not endemic shrubby species in the piedmont scrub. Logging is the main cause of piedmont scrub loss around metropolitan area: Logged areas are converted to human settlements.

Foliar biomass production and litterfall pattern of five timber species in forest plantations of semi-arid lands of the northeastern Mexico

“…The best coefficient of determination (68.7923 %) observed in autumn indicating a moderately strong relationship between the variables, with a negative and significant linear correlation between leaf litter accumulation and foliar biomass production. These significant variations in the relationship foliar biomass/leaf litter can be explained by the weather conditions, in accordance with Estrada-Castillón et al (2012), who found in a study of the structure and diversity of submontane scrub in northeastern Mexico, that the environmental conditions, particularly rainfall, accentuate and favor significant changes in the vegetation structure. In effect, in extreme weather conditions (winter which is the coldest season with lower temperatures, and summer which is the warmest season with higher temperatures), the plants are in stress condition, and present a difficulty in coordinating the mechanisms of production and loss of leaves, whereas in temperate conditions (autumn), there is a certain balance between loss and leaf production, so the model obtained in this case can be used for predictions of future observations.…”

Estructura y diversidad del matorral submontano contiguo al área metropolitana de Monterrey, Nuevo León, México

“…La familia Fabaceae y el género Acacia fueron los más representativos, coincidiendo con lo reportado por García y Jurado (2008), Canizales-Velázquez et al (2009) y Estrada-Castillón et al (2012, quienes evaluaron comunidades maduras de matorral submontano. El alto número de taxa registrados probablemente pueda ser atribuido a que la estructura de los matorrales en general es compleja (MacGillivray y Grime, 1995;Humphries et al, 1995).…”

“…Una de las variantes importantes del matorral xerófilo es el matorral submontano, también descrito como "piedmont scrub" por Muller (1939), el cual es una asociación vegetal localizada principalmente en las partes medias y en las faldas de la Sierra Madre Oriental, en los estados de Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas, Hidalgo, San Luis Potosí, Querétaro, Puebla y Oaxaca (Briones, 1991;Canizales-Velázquez et al, 2009;Estrada-Castillón et al, 2012;Fernández y Colmenero, 1997;González-Costilla et al, 2007;Gómez et al, 2011;Rzedowski, 1978;Salinas-Rodríguez et al, 2013).…”

“…(Muller, 1939;Rojas-Mendoza, 1965). Tal tipo de vegetación ha sido estudiado en esta entidad por diversos autores con el propósi-to de conocer su estructura y composición florística (Canizales-Velázquez et al, 2009;Estrada-Castillón et al, 2012). Sin embargo, es importante conocer con mayor detalle su diversidad y estructura en las zonas cercanas a las franjas urbanas, debido a que los efectos humanos asociados a las grandes ciudades pueden poner en riesgo su permanencia.…”

“…Las ciudades con más habitantes en el estado de Nuevo León (Monterrey y su área metropolitana, Montemorelos, Santiago, Linares, Allende) se localizan o están rodeadas por el matorral submontano. Estas zonas urbanas han crecido considerablemente en los últimos años (Estrada-Castillón et al, 2012). Tal es el caso del área metropolitana de Monterrey, donde el uso de suelo de las partes montañosas ha cambiado paulatinamente para el establecimiento de nuevos asentamientos.…”