Class, Mothers and Equal Opportunities to Work

Mahon, Evelyn

doi:10.4324/9780203442845_chapter_16

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…In the case of Ireland, the low levels of female participation are partly the result of a cultural norm that defines the home as the central place for women and which is explicitly enshrined in the Constitution (Mahon, 1998). This also contributed to shaping social and labour market policies, such as the "marriage bar", which restricted married women's employment in many occupations until 1973.…”

Section: Employment Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender and labour in times of austerity: Ireland, Italy and Portugal in comparative perspective

Addabbo

Bastos

Casaca

et al. 2015

International Labour Review

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Using Eurostat data for 2007, 2010 and 2012, the authors examine the effects of the 2008 crisis on the situation of male and female workers in Italy, Ireland and Portugal, with particular attention to changing labour market dynamics, (intra-household) employment patterns, and incomes. The gender gaps in employment, unemployment and precarious employment are narrowing, but this trend cannot be interpreted as progress toward gender equality: it is driven by men's increasingly vulnerable position resulting from the generalized deterioration of labour market conditions, including the growth of precarious and/or low-paid employment, unemployment and poverty to the detriment of household living standards

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Section: Employment Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender and labour in times of austerity: Ireland, Italy and Portugal in comparative perspective

Addabbo

Bastos

Casaca

et al. 2015

International Labour Review

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“…Rosenfeld & Birkelund (1995) conclude that women's decisions to take full-time rather than part-time jobs are less sensitive to tax rates than their decision to enter the labor market (OECD 1990). Mahon (1998b) also shows that the male breadwinner taxation system in Ireland is a serious hindrance to women wishing to enter the labor market. Furthermore, due to the favorable tax provisions for childcare expenses and the payment of health insurance by employers, American women were more likely to work during their childbearing years and were much less likely to work part-time in the 1980s than British women (Dex & Shaw 1986, Mahon 1998a.…”

Section: Tax Regimementioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Research on Women's Employment

2002

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Women's employment has been widely studied in both Western countries and Eastern Europe. In this article, the most frequently used measurements and descriptions of women's paid work are given, namely, participation rate, number of hours worked, gender segregation, and the gender gap in earnings. Next, three approaches used to study women's employment are discussed: 1. the macro-level approach, which gives a thorough understanding of the influence of the institutional context on women's work; 2. the micro-level approach, which compares individual-level results in a number of countries; and 3. the macro-micro approach, in which the relative importance is shown of institutional and individual level factors. Finally, a review is given of the hypotheses and outcomes of both the institutional level, with welfare regime and family policy playing an important role, and the individual level, which shows that being a mother has an important effect on women's employment in the different countries studied.

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“…Ireland was a traditionally male breadwinner state with historically low labour force participation rates (lfpr) for women due to gender discriminatory employment legislation. For example, alongside unequal pay, a 'marriage bar' compelled women working in public services to leave employment if they married, a rule that remained in place until Ireland joined the European Union in 1973 (Mahon 1998). The Irish tax regime also discouraged women's employment and there was a lack of family friendly policies.…”

Section: Gender and Employment In Irelandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ireland

Léime¹,

Wijeratne²,

Duvvury³

2020

Extended Working Life Policies

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This chapter considers the gender and health implications of policies designed to extend working lives in Ireland from a feminist political economy of ageing perspective. The socioeconomic context, gender, pension and employment regime and the recent economic recession are discussed. Older Irish women's employment has increased from a low base but is still relatively low. There is a gender pay gap and a higher gender pension gap. Women's pension coverage is low compared to men's and they are more reliant on the lower non-contributory state pension. Reforms link pension amounts more closely to participation in paid employment, disadvantaging women who are more likely to leave paid employment for unpaid care-work. State pension age has increased quickly though the population is relatively young. For private sector workers, retirement age is typically 65, leaving a gap between retirement age and state pension age, currently 66 increasing to 67 in 2021 and 68 in 2028.

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Class, Mothers and Equal Opportunities to Work

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Gender and labour in times of austerity: Ireland, Italy and Portugal in comparative perspective

Gender and labour in times of austerity: Ireland, Italy and Portugal in comparative perspective

Comparative Research on Women's Employment

Ireland

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