Class‐Specific Antibody Response in Acyclovir‐Treated and Adenine Arabinoside‐Treated Patients with Primary Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Infection

Kawana, Takashi; Hashido, Madoka; Koizumi, Yoshio

doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.1995.tb03272.x

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This is consistent with clinical results in patients undergoing acyclovir treatment, as reported by Lafferty et al (1984) and Mitchell et al (1986). Clinical observations concerning the immune response of HSV-infected patients showed a lower antibody titre in acyclovir-treated patients than in placebo-treated patients, resulting in suppression of antibody response or lymphoproliferative responses to HSV (Ashley & Corey, 1984;Bernstein et al, 1984;Lafferty et al, 1984;Mitchell et al, 1986;Erlich et al, 1988;Gold et al, 1988;Ragab et al, 1989;Kawana et al, 1995;Hu et al, 1997). Results of the present study would be applicable in interpreting those observations, although it is difficult to deny the possibility that antibody titre is dependent on the severity of skin lesions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…However, the correlation between the severity of skin lesions and the level of the cellmediated and humoral immune responses is poorly documented. Some researchers have demonstrated that acyclovir can reduce the rise in antibody production on infection when compared with placebo treatment (Ashley & Corey, 1984;Bernstein et al, 1984;Erlich et al, 1988;Gold et al, 1988;Ragab et al, 1989;Kawana et al, 1995;Hu et al, 1997). Other researchers have found that both the lymphocyte proliferative response and antibody production were lower in acyclovir-treated patients compared to placebotreated patients (Lafferty et al, 1984;Mitchell et al, 1986).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Acyclovir Treatment of Skin Lesions Results in Immune Deviation in Mice Infected Cutaneously with Herpes Simplex Virus

Sato

Fukuda

et al. 1999

Antivir Chem Chemother

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Clinical observations indicate that the antibody response to herpes simplex virus (HSV) in patients undergoing acyclovir treatment is reduced and, although the exact mechanism is not clear, some authors interpret it as immunosuppression. In order to clarify the mechanism, we cutaneously infected mice with HSV-1 and treated the resulting skin lesions with acyclovir. The immune response to infection and treatment in these mice was then analysed. Acyclovir treatment was given orally (20 mg/kg, three times daily), starting on day 0 (D0), 2 (D2) or 4 (D4) after infection and continuing until day 10. The serum antibody titre and the severity of skin lesions were significantly higher in the shortest treatment group (D4) than in the longer treatment groups (D0 and D2). In contrast, a skin test analysing delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to HSV antigen showed that the D0 and D2 groups exhibited stronger DTH than the D4 group. Acyclovir treatment failed to cause a dissociation between DTH and antibody production in mice immunized with inactivated HSV antigen. However, acyclovir treatment in infected mice suppressed the development of skin lesions and resulted in a dissociation between DTH response and antibody production, indicating a typical immune deviation. This was supported by a change in the ratio of the isotype antibody IgG2a to IgG1. The treatment of skin lesions with acyclovir reduced the level of antibody response, as observed clinically. This indicates that the reduced antibody response in patients treated with acyclovir may be, at least in part, due to immune deviation and not immunosuppression.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Acyclovir Treatment of Skin Lesions Results in Immune Deviation in Mice Infected Cutaneously with Herpes Simplex Virus

Sato

Fukuda

et al. 1999

Antivir Chem Chemother

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“…Several reports including ours revealed that acyclovir treatment suppresses the production of HSV-specific antibody and lowers the antibody responses, especially that of IgM, in primary HSV infection (2,4,18). Therefore, it is noteworthy that the sera used here were collected during 1972 to 1985 from the patients under no influence of any antiviral treatment, and that the results obtained describe the natural course of the humoral immune response in genital HSV infection, although the number of cases examined was small.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Herpes Simplex Virus‐Specific IgM, IgA and IgG Subclass Antibody Responses in Primary and Nonprimary Genital Herpes Patients

Hashido

Kawana

1997

Microbiology and Immunology

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To clarify the humoral immunity in herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, HSV-specific IgM, IgA and IgG subclass antibody responses were studied in patients with genital herpes: 17 primary, 13 recurrent and 6 nonprimary first episode. A total of 181 serum samples serially collected from the patients, 5 per patient until 213 days after the onset of disease (on average), were analyzed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. IgG1, IgG3 and IgA were detected in all patients with primary and nonprimary infections, whereas IgG4 was detected in 74% of only those with nonprimary infections and IgG2 was detected in none. IgM was detected in 100% of the patients with primary infections, but also in 68% of those with nonprimary infections. IgA showed a peak similar to that of IgM in patients with primary infections. No significant difference was observed in the detection rate or pattern of antibody responses between the recurrent and nonprimary first episode infections, nor between the HSV-1 and HSV-2 infections. These findings may be useful to improve the diagnostic potential of HSV serology.

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“…Samples were assayed using two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits, the Herpes Simplex IgG detection kit and Herpes Simplex IgM detection kit (Denka Seiken, Tokyo, Japan), which detect IgG and IgM antibodies to HSV, respectively, according to the manufacturer's instructions [Kawana et al, 1995;Hashido et al, 1997;Kumaki et al, 2001]. Antibody index values were calculated by dividing the optical density values for test specimens by the average of the optical density values for the standard pooled human serum containing low-titer IgG and IgM-type antibody to HSV, respectively.…”

Section: Serologic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serologic and genotypic analysis of a series of herpes simplex virus type 1 isolates from two patients with genital herpes

Umene

Kawana

Fukumaki

2009

Journal of Medical Virology

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Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) has been reported increasingly as a cause of genital herpes, although HSV-1 is usually associated with oro-labial herpes. In the present study, serum specimens and materials for viral isolation were obtained serially from two patients with recrudescent HSV-1 genital infections to study serology and molecular epidemiology. Recurrent episodes, during which HSV-1 was isolated, were followed by an increase in the level of anti-HSV-1 antibody, suggesting a booster effect from re-exposure to viral antigens and the possible usefulness of the variation in the level of anti-HSV-1 antibody to diagnose recurrence. While genotypes of HSV-1 isolates obtained from one patient were different from those from the other patient, genotypes of sequential HSV-1 isolates obtained from the same patient were the same, implying that the recrudescent genital lesions of the two patients could be attributed to endogenous recurrence of a latent virus. Sera from one patient neutralized HSV-1 isolates obtained from the other patient as well as HSV-1 isolates obtained from the same patient. An HSV-1 isolate obtained during a later episode in one patient was neutralized by sera taken before/during the later episode of the same patient, as effectively as an HSV-1 isolate obtained during an earlier episode in the same patient; thus, in these two cases, HSV-1 was assumed to have multiplied during recurrence despite the presence of an anti-HSV-1 antibody that could neutralize experimentally HSV-1.

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Class‐Specific Antibody Response in Acyclovir‐Treated and Adenine Arabinoside‐Treated Patients with Primary Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Infection

Cited by 5 publications

References 8 publications

Acyclovir Treatment of Skin Lesions Results in Immune Deviation in Mice Infected Cutaneously with Herpes Simplex Virus

Acyclovir Treatment of Skin Lesions Results in Immune Deviation in Mice Infected Cutaneously with Herpes Simplex Virus

Herpes Simplex Virus‐Specific IgM, IgA and IgG Subclass Antibody Responses in Primary and Nonprimary Genital Herpes Patients

Serologic and genotypic analysis of a series of herpes simplex virus type 1 isolates from two patients with genital herpes

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