Fishermen still use knowledge-based astronomical phenomena in their fishing practices in this modern age. Several scholars were interested in this aspect, producing mixed results and formulating different perspectives. The diversity of these previous data and the differences in their perspectives have geared towards a need to review these past findings systematically. Therefore, established systematic literature is required as it provides advantages related to quality control and limits systematic bias by defining, screening and synthesising studies that address the research question. Hence, this study conducted a systematic literature review on how fishermen use their knowledge-based astronomical phenomena in their fisheries activities. This study relied on the review protocol-ROSES. Two main databases, Scopus and Google Scholar, and one supporting database, Dimensions, were used. Based on the thematic analysis, three main themes were identified and, thus, have further produced 11 sub-themes. Findings show that fishermen’s astronomical knowledge influences their fishery activities based on six elements; first, know the best time to catch an abundance of marine catches; second, know the best location to catch an abundance of marine catches; third, enable fishermen to assess the maturity of marine species; fourth, repeating astronomical phenomena produced a calendar to assist fishermen in carrying out fishery activities; fifth, guide the estimation time and safety for fishermen at sea; and sixth, guides fishermen on the most appropriate technique to use when carrying out fishery activities.