Classic brittle failures in large welded structures

The Vierendeel bridges over the Albert Canal, Belgium – their significance in the story of brittle failures

“…This is certainly the case for the bridges that suffered cracking in January 1940, but -contrary to widespread belief [1], [2], [4], [17], [18], [21] -the Hasselt Bridge failed at a "normal" temperature [14], or about +5 °C [20], which is in agreement with the average temperature in Brussels in March 1938. -All of these bridges failed or were badly damaged under their dead load only.…”

“…After one great numbers during the war. The statistics of these accidents are impressive, with several hundred vessels experiencing serious cracking problems, and more than 100 severe failures [7], [16], [17], [18], [19]. But the relative number of incidents (ratio of number of identified cracked structures to total number of structures constructed) is about the same as for the bridges of the Albert Canal (1/6 to 1/5).…”

Analysis of structural discipline welding disables in Saudi Aramco project using statistical process control in PT. Mcdermott Indonesia

“…The lack of fusion defects caused by travel speed that is too fast and the presence of dirt on the surface of the seam. Lack of understanding the amperage value that must be used in welding can also be one of the causes of defects [21].…”

Deterioration of Stainless Steel Corrosion Resistance Due to Welding

“…However, presence of welding imperfections is a challenge which may form due to poor workmanship such as cracks, porosity, lack of fusion, incomplete penetration and weld decay in stainless steel because of material properties issue. Furthermore, stainless steel material is one of the best choices in industries because of its high resistant to corrosion, however the issue with stainless steel material is the sensitization or weld decay after welding fabrication particularly in Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) [1][2][3].…”