Classic Kaposi sarcoma

Guttman‐Yassky, Emma; Dubnov, Jonathan; Kra-Oz, Zippi; Friedman‐Birnbaum, Rachel; Silbermann, Michael; Barchana, Micha; Bergman, Reuven; Sarid, Ronit

doi:10.1002/cncr.21614

Cited by 22 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Until now, only two case-control studies proposed that diabetes could be a risk factor for KS. In the first study, Guttman-Yassky et al [ 28 ] enrolled 35 KS cases and 48 matched KSHV-infected controls in Israel. Although the increased odds of KS among patients with diabetes did not reach statistical significance (OR = 1.78; 95% CI, 0.43 to 7.36), they still proposed that diabetes could promote KS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes and risk of Kaposi's sarcoma: effects of high glucose on reactivation and infection of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus

Chang

Chen

et al. 2017

Oncotarget

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Patients with diabetes are generally prone to pathogen infection and tumor progression. Here, we investigated the potential association between diabetes and Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), a tumor linked to infection with Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV). By using Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database, we found that diabetes is statistically associated with increased risk of KS in a case-control study. Since a high level of blood sugar is the hallmark of diabetes, we determined whether high glucose promotes both KSHV reactivation and infection, which are crucial for KS pathogenesis. Our results showed that high glucose significantly increases lytic reactivation of KSHV but not Epstein-Barr virus, another related human oncogenic gammaherpesvirus, in latently infected cells. Activation of the transcription factor AP1 by high glucose is critically required for the onset of KSHV lytic reactivation. We also demonstrated that high glucose enhances susceptibility of various target cells to KSHV infection. Particularly, in endothelial and epithelial cells, levels of specific cellular receptors for KSHV entry, including integrin α3β1 and xCT/CD98, are elevated under high glucose conditions, which correlate with the enhanced cell susceptibility to infection. Taken together, our studies implicate that the high-glucose microenvironment may be an important predisposing factor for KS development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes and risk of Kaposi's sarcoma: effects of high glucose on reactivation and infection of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus

Chang

Chen

et al. 2017

Oncotarget

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“…14, 15 In the present study, HHV-8-seropositive patients were significantly older than seronegative patients. Patients with HCV infection or hepatitis activity were also significantly older than those without.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 40%

Predictors of seropositivity for human herpesvirus type 8 in patients with mild cirrhosis

Tseng

Lin

Chu

et al. 2017

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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The high seroprevalence of human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV-8) in moderate or severe cirrhotics appears to be associated with male sex, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, alcoholism, and disease severity. The status of HHV-8 infection in mild cirrhotics remains unclear. Plasma samples collected from 93 mild cirrhotics and 93 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were analyzed for HHV-8 antibody and HHV-8 DNA. Mild cirrhotics had higher seropositivity for HHV-8 antibodies than healthy controls (P=0.0001). Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that an age ≥55 years (odds ratio (OR) 2.88, P=0.02), hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection (OR 3.42, P=0.01), and hepatitis activity (OR 4.10, P=0.004) were associated with HHV-8 seropositivity in cirrhotics. Stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed that age ≥55 years (adjusted OR (aOR) 1.92, P=0.04) and hepatitis activity (aOR 3.55, P=0.005) were independent factors. The rate of hepatitis activity was higher in HCV-infected than in HBV-infected patients (P<0.0001) and in women than in men (P=0.0001). Cirrhotics who were seropositive for HHV-8 or HCV or had hepatitis activity were significantly older (P=0.02, <0.0001 and <0.0001, respectively). Plasma samples from all participants were negative for HHV-8 DNA. HHV-8 antibody titers in mild cirrhotics also markedly exceeded those in controls (P<0.0001), as did those in patients ≥55 years old vs. younger patients (P=0.01), those in patients with vs. without HCV infection (P=0.0008), and those in patients with vs. without hepatitis activity (P=0.0005). Mild cirrhotics had high HHV-8 seroprevalence and HCV infection, and, in particular, old age and hepatitis activity were predictors.

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“…4 A, B). Age had been reported to be an important risk factor 33 , while male as a risk factor was mainly confirmed in AIDS-related KS in Africa 24 . Additionally, year of diagnosis later than 2008, White race, and localized lesions were associated with better OS (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Prognostic analysis of cutaneous Kaposi sarcoma based on a competing risk model

Qian,

Xiao

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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The data regarding the prognosis of cutaneous Kaposi sarcoma (KS) was limited. The current study aimed to explore the risk factors and develop a predictive model for the prognosis of cutaneous KS patients. Data were extracted from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database from 2000 to 2018 and randomly divided into training and validation cohort. The Kaplan–Meier analysis, cumulative incidence function based on the competing risk model and Fine–Gray multivariable regression model was used to identify the prognostic factors and then construct a 5-, 10-, and 15-year KS-specific death (KSSD) nomogram for patients. The concordance index (C-index), area under the curve (AUC) of operating characteristics and calibration plots were used to evaluate the performance of the model. The clinical utility of the model was measured by decision curve analysis (DCA). In 2257 cutaneous KS patients identified from database, the overall median survival time was about 13 years. Radiotherapy (p = 0.013) and surgery (p < 0.001) could lower the KSSD, while chemotherapy (p = 0.042) and surgery (p < 0.001) could increase the overall survival (OS) of patients with metastatic and localized lesions, respectively. Race, number of lesions, surgery, extent of disease, year of diagnosis and age were identified as risk factors associated with cutaneous KS-specific survival. Performance of the nomogram was validated by calibration and discrimination, with C‐index values of 0.709 and AUC for 5-, 10-, and 15-year-KSSD of 0.739, 0.728 and 0.725 respectively. DCA indicated that the nomogram had good net benefits in clinical scenarios. Using a competing-risk model, this study firstly identified the prognostic factors, and constructed a validated nomogram to provide individualized assessment and reliable prognostic prediction for cutaneous KS patients.

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Classic Kaposi sarcoma

Cited by 22 publications

References 58 publications

Diabetes and risk of Kaposi's sarcoma: effects of high glucose on reactivation and infection of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus

Diabetes and risk of Kaposi's sarcoma: effects of high glucose on reactivation and infection of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus

Predictors of seropositivity for human herpesvirus type 8 in patients with mild cirrhosis

Prognostic analysis of cutaneous Kaposi sarcoma based on a competing risk model

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