Classification and characteristics of tight oil plays

Zhang, Xin Shun; Wang, Hong Jun; Ma, Feng; Sun, Xiang Can; Yan, Zhang; Song, Zhi Hui

doi:10.1007/s12182-015-0075-0

Cited by 66 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Hence, it is expected that the permeability enhancement of natural faults may be much higher than those in our experiments. For crustal depths up to a few kilometers, the pre-existing and stimulated permeability values in these experiments (∼10 −17 -10 −15 m 2 ) correspond well with the mean crustal permeabilitydepth curve constructed based on geothermal-metamorphic data (Manning & Ingebritsen 1999), and also with values from tight oil and gas reservoirs (Zhang et al 2016). The fewfold transient shear-absent permeability enhancement in our experiments is consistent with the range of natural observations following intermediate to distant earthquakes, also with comparable strain amplitudes (e.g.…”

Section: Implications For Natural Fault Systems and Reservoir Stimulasupporting

confidence: 77%

The influence of fault reactivation on injection-induced dynamic triggering of permeability evolution

Yildirim

Elsworth

2020

Geophysical Journal International

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Summary Mechanisms controlling fracture permeability enhancement during injection-induced and natural dynamic stressing remain unresolved. We explore pressure-driven permeability (k) evolution by step-increasing fluid pressure (p) on near-critically-stressed laboratory fractures in shale and schist as representative of faults in sedimentary reservoirs/seals and basement rocks. Fluid is pulsed through the fracture with successively incremented pressure to first examine sub-reactivation permeability response that then progresses through fracture reactivation. Transient pore pressure pulses result in a permeability increase that persists even after the return of spiked pore pressure to the null background level. We show that fracture sealing is systematically reversible with the perturbing pressure pulses and pressure-driven permeability enhancement is eminently reproducible even absent shear slip and in the very short term (order of minutes). These characteristics of the observed fracture sealing following a pressure perturbation appear similar to those of the response by rate-and-state frictional healing upon stress/velocity perturbations. Dynamic permeability increase scales with the pore pressure magnitude and fracture sealing controls the following per-pulse permeability increase, both in the absence and presence of reactivation. However, initiation of the injection-induced reactivation results in a significant increase in the rate of permeability enhancement (dk/dp). These results demonstrate the role of frictional healing and sealing of fractures at interplay with other probable processes in pore pressure-driven permeability stimulation, such as particle mobilization.

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Section: Implications For Natural Fault Systems and Reservoir Stimulasupporting

confidence: 77%

The influence of fault reactivation on injection-induced dynamic triggering of permeability evolution

Yildirim

Elsworth

2020

Geophysical Journal International

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“…Only the Barnett and Tuscaloosa meet the previous definition of ''Shale Plays.'' So-called shale plays like the Bakken/ Exshaw play (USA and Canada) actually consist of key permeable tight dolomite, siltstone and sandstone interbeds, shales, and carbonate reservoirs (LeFever 1991;Zhang et al 2016). The Niobrara play is a low permeability chalk and self-sourced marl reservoir with continuous hydrocarbon accumulation (Sonnenberg 2011).…”

Section: Concepts and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple-stacked Hybrid Plays of lacustrine source rock intervals: Case studies from lacustrine basins in China

et al. 2017

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Hydrocarbon-producing lacustrine basins are widely developed in the world, and China has a large number of lacustrine basins that have developed since the early Permian. The organic-rich shale-dominated heterogeneous source rock intervals in Chinese lacustrine basins generally contain frequent thin interbeds of stratigraphically associated sandstone, siltstone, marl, dolomite, and limestone. The concept of ''Hybrid Plays'' as put forth in this article recognizes this pattern of alternating organicrich shale and organic-lean interbeds and existence of mixed unconventional and conventional plays. Hybrid Plays in lacustrine source rock intervals present a unique closed petroleum system hosting continuous hydrocarbons. The interbedded organic-lean siliciclastic and/or carbonate plays are efficiently charged with hydrocarbons via short migration pathways from the adjacent organic-rich shale that is often also a self-sourced play. We assert ''Hybrid Plays'' provide the most realistic exploration model for targeting multiple-stacked and genetically related very tight shale, tight and conventional plays together in the entire source rock interval rather than individual plays only. The Hybrid Play model has been proven and works for a wide variety of lacustrine rift, sag and foreland basins in China.

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“…By contrast, the impact of abiogenic quartz on the enrichment and production of shale oil and gas is more complicated because of the complexity of its origins, which includes detrital quartz and authigenic quartz. For most commercial marine shales, authigenic and biogenic quartz is dominant over terrigenous abiogenic quartz, while terrigenous abiogenic quartz is commonly more abundant in shales deposited in continental environments (including lacustrine, paludal and fluvial facies), in which lacustrine and paludal shales are assumed to be two most potential types of shale plays as revealed by the exploration in the Ordos Basin (Zou et al 2017), the Bohai Bay Basin (Sun 2017;Zhao et al 2018), and the Songliao Basin (Zhang et al 2016) of China. For this reason, higher contents of quartz are not always conducive to hydrocarbon enrichment and production from continental shales, nor are lower contents of clay minerals.…”

Section: A Hydrocarbon-generating Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The petroleum system: a new classification scheme based on reservoir qualities

Zhao

et al. 2018

Pet. Sci.

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A new classification of petroleum systems (PSs) based on reservoir qualities is proposed. We classify PSs into the following three basic types: (1) source-rock petroleum system (SPS); (2) tight-reservoir or tight petroleum system (TPS); and (3) conventional-reservoir or conventional petroleum system (CPS). The CPS is a PS in which hydrocarbons accumulate in conventional reservoirs, and all the essential elements and processes are significant and indispensable. Oil and gas accumulations are geographically discrete and therefore exist as discontinuous accumulations. The TPS is a PS where hydrocarbons accumulate in tight reservoirs and the source rock, reservoir, seal, migration, and trap are also indispensable, but the traps are mostly non-anticlinal and the accumulations are primarily quasi-continuous and secondarily discontinuous. The SPS is a PS where both hydrocarbon generation and accumulation occurred in source rocks and traps and migration are unnecessary or inconsequential; the hydrocarbon distribution is extensive and continuous and has no distinct boundaries. The aforementioned three PSs can be derived from a common hydrocarbon source kitchen and are closely linked in terms of their formation and distribution. Therefore, to maximize the exploration efficiency, a comprehensive study and different strategies are needed by considering the SPS, TPS, and CPS as parts of a greater whole.

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Classification and characteristics of tight oil plays

Abstract: Based on the latest conventional-unconventional oil and gas databases and relevant reports, the distribution features of global tight oil were analyzed.

Cited by 66 publications

References 18 publications

The influence of fault reactivation on injection-induced dynamic triggering of permeability evolution

The influence of fault reactivation on injection-induced dynamic triggering of permeability evolution

Multiple-stacked Hybrid Plays of lacustrine source rock intervals: Case studies from lacustrine basins in China

The petroleum system: a new classification scheme based on reservoir qualities

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