Classification and comparison of ad hoc networks: A review

Agrawal, Reeya; Faujdar, Neetu; Romero, Carlos Andres Tavera; Sharma, Oshin; Abdulsahib, Ghadia Muttashar; Khalaf, Osama Ibrahim; Mansoor, Romany F; Ghoneim, Osama A.

doi:10.1016/j.eij.2022.10.004

Cited by 35 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 150 publications

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“…In this section, we will present a comparative analysis of various LoRa mesh solutions in a Table 3 outlining their functionality, application domains, advantages, and limitations. The goal is to compare them with commercial solutions to identify an optimal LoRa mesh solution regarding energy consumption, realtime capabilities, and low deployment cost [26], [27]- [35].…”

Section: Summarizing Open-source Lora Mesh Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring open source and proprietary LoRa mesh technologies

Hammouti,

Moussaoui,

Hassine

et al. 2024

IJEECS

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This paper explores low power wide area network (LPWAN) LoRa and its diverse variants, encompassing open-source and proprietary wireless mesh networks, operating over the physical LoRa or LoRaWAN layer. The primary challenge lies in defining an optimal LoRa mesh solution that balances cost-effectiveness, energy efficiency, low latency, long-range capability, and security. This study also comprehensively examines key LoRa mesh solutions from 2017 to 2024, as proposed by various authors. Furthermore, a detailed analysis is conducted to contrast open-source and commercial solutions, considering their applications, limitations, issues, characteristics, and pros and cons of mesh routing protocols. In the current landscape, the proliferation of open-source and proprietary LoRa mesh solutions has been instrumental in facilitating the connectivity of internet of things (IoT) devices. However, these solutions pose challenges related to energy consumption, latency, and suboptimal transmission throughput. These challenges are influenced by various LoRa characteristics such as spectrum factor, bandwidth, and transmission power, which directly impact the transmission range. Our research aims to perform a comparative analysis of existing LoRa mesh solutions by, systematically studying their advantages and disadvantages. This analysis offers valuable insights for making informed choices among these solutions in diverse domains for IoT applications.

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Section: Summarizing Open-source Lora Mesh Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring open source and proprietary LoRa mesh technologies

Hammouti,

Moussaoui,

Hassine

et al. 2024

IJEECS

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“…One of the key challenges of ad hoc networking is ensuring reliable communication in a dynamic and often unpredictable environment. To overcome this challenge, various protocols and algorithms have been developed that allow nodes to discover and connect with each other, exchange data, and adapt to changes in the network topology (Agrawal, R., Faujdar, N., Romero, C. A. T., Sharma, O., Abdulsahib, G. M., Khalaf, O. I., ... & Ghoneim, O. A., 2022).…”

Section: Ad Hoc Networkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive Secure and Efficient Routing Protocol for Enhance the Performance of Mobile Ad Hoc Network

RAHMAN,

ALAUDDIN,

DEY

et al. 2023

Appl. Comput. Sci.

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Nowadays Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is an emerging area of research to provide various communication services to end users. Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) are self-organizing wireless networks where nodes communicate with each other without a fixed infrastructure. Due to their unique characteristics, such as mobility, autonomy, and ad hoc connectivity, MANETs have become increasingly popular in various applications, including military, emergency response, and disaster management. However, the lack of infrastructure and dynamic topology of MANETs pose significant challenges to designing a secure and efficient routing protocol. This paper proposes an adaptive, secure, and efficient routing protocol that can enhance the performance of MANET. The proposed protocol incorporates various security mechanisms, including authentication, encryption, key management, and intrusion detection, to ensure secure routing. Additionally, the protocol considers energy consumption, network load, packet delivery fraction, route acquisition latency, packets dropped and Quality of Service (QoS) requirements of the applications to optimize network performance. Overall, the secure routing protocol for MANET should provide a reliable and secure communication environment that can adapt to the dynamic nature of the network. The protocol should ensure that messages are delivered securely and efficiently to the intended destination, while minimizing the risk of attacks and preserving the network resources Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed protocol outperforms existing routing protocols in terms of network performance and security. The proposed protocol can facilitate the deployment of various applications in MANET while maintaining security and efficiency.

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“…MANET [1] is a variant of ad-hoc networks where nodes are mobile and decentralized in type, and packet routing does not need any pre-established centralized infrastructure. MANET is autonomous, self-configurable, and highly adaptive, and the distinct features make it ideal for realization in scenarios where an infrastructure network is absent or failed, or establishment is challenging or impossible, for example, military applications [2], forest fire surveillance [3], search and rescue operations [4], disaster recovery and rescue operations [5], etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Efficient OLSR Routing Protocol to Minimize Multipoint Relays in MANET

2024

IJIES

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Reducing control packets, especially in proactive routing protocols, needed to establish routes can lower network overhead in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs). In Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) protocol, each Multipoint Relay (MPR) node propagates Topology Control (TC) messages to advertise neighbor information. However, OLSR controls the TC messages by reducing the number of MPR nodes. In this study, we propose an efficient MPR node selection mechanism to reduce the TC message volume leading to a minimized routing overhead. Each node selects the lowest cost node heuristically from its first hop neighbors as the MPR node for any destination. The same MPR node can be selected for multiple destinations if it costs the lowest for each destination node. The selection technique is realized by modifying only the default OLSR TC and Hello messages. The proof-of-concept implementation in the NS3 simulator reveals that the proposed methodology reduces the routing overhead by selecting around 55%, 28% and 49% (on average) fewer MPR nodes compared to the traditional OLSR, SSTB and M-OLSR protocol respectively, without negotiating packet delivery ratio, throughput and delay.

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Classification and comparison of ad hoc networks: A review

Cited by 35 publications

References 150 publications

Exploring open source and proprietary LoRa mesh technologies

Exploring open source and proprietary LoRa mesh technologies

Adaptive Secure and Efficient Routing Protocol for Enhance the Performance of Mobile Ad Hoc Network

An Efficient OLSR Routing Protocol to Minimize Multipoint Relays in MANET

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