Classification and individualisation of black ballpoint pen inks using principal component analysis of UV–vis absorption spectra

Adam, Craig D.; Sherratt, Sarah L.; Zholobenko, Vladimir L.

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2007.02.029

Cited by 91 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Finally for the crossing line forgery (type c)), the presence of a gap at the toner distribution map was used as a criterion to know if the ink line was 8 | J. Name., 2012, 00, [1][2][3] This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 made before printing toner. This was successfully identified in 85% of the samples (17 out of 20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Often, frauds occur by misuse of blank documents by persons who are trusted by the signer or by adulteration of an official document. Most of the reports involving document analysis to detect frauds employ destructive methodologies [1][2][3][4][5][6]. The use of non-destructive analytical methods in cases where the authenticity of documents is questioned is essential in litigation processes where the evidence must be preserved [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Near infrared hyperspectral imaging for forensic analysis of document forgery

Silva

Pimentel

Honorato

et al. 2014

Analyst

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near infrared hyperspectral imaging for forensic analysis of document forgery

Silva

Pimentel

Honorato

et al. 2014

Analyst

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“…However, such methods are invasive and time-consuming [6], and these disadvantages must be considered. Different approaches, such as Raman spectroscopy [7][8][9][10], UV-Vis spectroscopy [4,11], and IR spectroscopy [12], are based on the interaction of light with the substrate. Those methods ensure the physical integrity of the document, and yield data on organic and inorganic components of a sample.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperspectral imaging coupled with chemometric analysis for non-invasive differentiation of black pens

et al. 2016

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Differentiation of the written text can be performed with a non-invasive and non-contact tool that connects conventional imaging methods with spectroscopy. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is a relatively new and rapid analytical technique that can be applied in forensic science disciplines. It allows an image of the sample to be acquired, with full spectral information within every pixel. For this paper, HSI and three statistical methods (hierarchical cluster analysis, principal component analysis, and spectral angle mapper) were used to distinguish between traces of modern black gel pen inks. Non-invasiveness and high efficiency are among the unquestionable advantages of ink differentiation using HSI. It is also less time-consuming than traditional methods such as chromatography. In this study, a set of 45 modern gel pen ink marks deposited on a paper sheet were registered. The spectral characteristics embodied in every pixel were extracted from an image and analysed using statistical methods, externally and directly on the hypercube. As a result, different black gel inks deposited on paper can be distinguished and classified into several groups, in a non-invasive manner.

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“…32 CHCs are found in the lipid wax layer of nearly all insects. They have different functions in 33 different species of insects and previous studies have shown their use for age estimation [1,[13][14][15][16], 34 sex [17] and species identification [18][19][20]. 35 The two main factors believed to be influential for the composition of hydrocarbon pools are 36 development/genetic factors and physiological state/environmental conditions [21][22][23].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For further details the reader is 127 referred to [12,34]. PCA has already been used by the authors to age Lucilia sericata [13] and the 128 same experimental design was used for this study.…”

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confidence: 99%

Age estimation of Calliphora (Diptera: Calliphoridae) larvae using cuticular hydrocarbon analysis and Artificial Neural Networks

Moore

Butcher

Adam

et al. 2016

Forensic Science International

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Cuticular hydrocarbons were extracted daily from the larvae of two closely related blowflies Calliphora vicina and Calliphora vomitoria (Diptera:Calliphoridae). The hydrocarbons were then analysed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), with the aim of observing changes within their chemical profiles in order to determine the larval age. The hydrocarbons were examined daily for each species from 1 day old larvae until pupariation. The results show significant chemical changes occurring from the younger larvae to the post-feeding larvae. With the aid of a multivariate statistical method (Principal Component Analysis and Artificial Neural Networks), samples were clustered and classified, allowing for the larval age to be established. Results from this study allowed larvae to be aged to the day with at worst, 87% accuracy, which suggests there is great potential for the use of cuticular hydrocarbons present on larvae to give an indication of their age and hence potentially a valuable tool for minimum PMI estimations.

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Classification and individualisation of black ballpoint pen inks using principal component analysis of UV–vis absorption spectra

Cited by 91 publications

References 8 publications

Near infrared hyperspectral imaging for forensic analysis of document forgery

Near infrared hyperspectral imaging for forensic analysis of document forgery

Hyperspectral imaging coupled with chemometric analysis for non-invasive differentiation of black pens

Age estimation of Calliphora (Diptera: Calliphoridae) larvae using cuticular hydrocarbon analysis and Artificial Neural Networks

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