Classification and Nomenclature of Enterobacteriaceae

Kauffmann, F.; Edwards, P. R.

doi:10.1099/0096266x-2-1-2

Cited by 34 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…There seems to be good reason for including E. freundii in the Bethesda group, and for excluding the cornbiiied group from Escherichia, according it equal (i.e. generic) rank with that group (Kauffmann, 1953). This solution raises a minor problem of nomenclature best disposed of here: E. freundii is a synonym of Citrobacter freundii (Braak) Werkman & Gillen (1932), and this name antedates Bethesda bailerupensis Kauffmann & Edwards (1952) and Bethesda freundii (Kauffmann, 1953).…”

Section: Bethesda-ballerup and Fi-eundai Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…generic) rank with that group (Kauffmann, 1953). This solution raises a minor problem of nomenclature best disposed of here: E. freundii is a synonym of Citrobacter freundii (Braak) Werkman & Gillen (1932), and this name antedates Bethesda bailerupensis Kauffmann & Edwards (1952) and Bethesda freundii (Kauffmann, 1953). Consequently, the generic name valid for the group is Citrobacter Werkrnan & Gillen, and the types species is Citrobacter freundii.…”

Section: Bethesda-ballerup and Fi-eundai Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is in fact the procedure a t present adopted, though the use of italic type and lower-case initial letter for the place name gives the false impression of a specific binomial. For the systematist the suggestions of Borman et al (1944) and of Kauffmann & Edwards (1952) provide the better solution; in considering these proposals it should be borne in mind that the epithet kauffmanriii has priority over enterica.…”

Section: + -mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three solutions of the nomenclatural difficulty present themselves: (i) all aerogenic salmonellas can be named S . chloreae-suis and individuals distinguished by subspecific epithets or numbers ; (ii) the aerogenic salmonellas can be divided into two species as suggested by Borman, Stuart & Wheeler (1944) and by Kauffmann & Edwards (1952); (iii) each combination of antigens, or serotypes, can be given a common name, as Salmonella London. The difficulty arises because of the necessi4y to report Salmonella spp.…”

Section: + -mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the Klebsiella group of the ES reports) the majority of strains are aerogenic and have the IMViC reactions --+ +, but there is a sufficiently large proportion of anaerogenic strains, and strains with different IMViC reactions (0rskov, 1955) to suggest that the group might be divided on the basis of these reactions. The aerogenic --+ + forms consist of strains which are typical of Aerobacter aerogenes and of Friedlander's bacillus (KlebsieZla pneumoniae) and, as these cannot be distinguished either by biochemical or serological tests, (Report, 1954 b ) they are now usually considered together, often without species designation (Kauffmann, 1953(Kauffmann, , 1954Edwards & Ewing, 1955;Edwards & Fife, 1955). It will be less confusing to say at once that if we accept the Klebsiella group as a genus, these aerogenic --+ + organisms form a species whose correct name is probably KZebsieZZa pneumoniaecrouposae (Zopf) nov.comb.…”

Section: Klebsiella Cloaca and Hafnia Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Taxonomic Rank of Enterobacteriaceae 'Groups'

Cowan¹

1956

Journal of General Microbiology

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SUMMARY: The taxonomic value of the different 'groups' into which the Enterobacteriaceae are divided is assessed, and consideration is given to the classification of different groups within the family. No scheme fits the requirements of all workers and two different approaches are made, one for workers in applied bacteriology, and a more logical one for taxonomic purists. For the former scheme it is suggested that common (vulgar) names should be used to describe the groups and their subdivisions. Linnaean binomials are essential for the more systematic scheme, in which the Arizona group is merged with Salmonella; BallerupBethesda is combined with Citrobacter freundii ; Sonne's bacillus and Bacillus alca~scens are included in Escherichia ; Cloaca and Hafnia (32011) are included as species of Klebsiellu, and Providence (29911) as a species of Proteus. Few of these suggestions are new, but the scheme is a classification of a family and not a collection of ' p u p s ' .In taxonomic studies it is convenient to divide organisms into groups and subgroups, leaving the status of rank for each category to be decided when order appears and the work is nearing completion. Problems of rank are met with in all types of organism; they are attacked in different ways in different disciplines, but even in one branch of microbiology there is no uniformity. Among bacteria certain organisms from the intestines of animals present special problems ; their morphological and cultural characters are alike, and resemble those of bacteria found in soil, in water and on plants. Though there is nothing to be said in favour of an ecological grouping of bacteria, in practice ecology may determine the primary grouping: a plant pathologist studies those bacteria found in plants, the water bacteriologist studies essentially similar organisms in water, and the clinical pathologist finds them in human or animal excretions. Often these ecologists work in isolation and develop independent taxonomic schemes.White (1937), writing on the construction of a taxonomic system for bacteria, contrasted determinative keys with systems based on mutual relations and differences. He said that such a system must develop from multiple foci of intensive study, which would gradually widen until they became confluent ; only then could an opinion be formed as to the rational groupings of larger size. Of necessity such a system would be built slowly, but it would be laid an sure foundations. White himself laid many of these foundations and, with Kauffmann, Jordan, St John-Brooks, Schutze and Scott of the original Salmonella Subcommittee, paved the way by making an intensive study of one group of organisms. Since then the number of groups studied has increased, and the Salmonella Subcommittee of the International Committee on Bacteriological Nomenclature has been replaced by an Enterobacteriaceae Subcommittee (E.S.) which covers many more of the 'multiple foci'. Enlarging

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Section: Bethesda-ballerup and Fi-eundai Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bethesda-ballerup and Fi-eundai Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: + -mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: + -mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Klebsiella Cloaca and Hafnia Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Taxonomic Rank of Enterobacteriaceae 'Groups'

Cowan¹

1956

Journal of General Microbiology

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Evolution of Salmonella nomenclature: a critical note

et al. 2011

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Salmonellae are widely distributed but nomenclaturally controversial pathogens of both humans and animals. Despite elaborate studies, much still remain to be discovered about these organisms. Although Salmonella nomenclature has proved to be rather complex, in 2005, Salmonella enterica finally gained official approval as the type species of the genus Salmonella. In addition, one other species has been approved and recognised in the genus Salmonella, namely, Salmonella bongori. New serovars (serotypes) are continually being discovered each year and reported in the journal Research in Microbiology. Salmonella serovars and their antigenic formulae are listed in the White-Kauffmann-Le Minor scheme and updated by the World Health Organization's Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Salmonella at the Pasteur Institute, Paris, France.

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Setenta años de vida y vigencia de un legendario artículo científico de universal resonancia

Freund

2016

Boletín Médico del Hospital Infantil de México

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Classification and Nomenclature of Enterobacteriaceae

Cited by 34 publications

References 0 publications

Taxonomic Rank of Enterobacteriaceae 'Groups'

Taxonomic Rank of Enterobacteriaceae 'Groups'

Evolution of Salmonella nomenclature: a critical note

Setenta años de vida y vigencia de un legendario artículo científico de universal resonancia

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