Classification and Semiquantitative Evaluation of Paleoearthquake Identification From Trenches on Normal Faults: A Case Study of Holocene Paleoearthquake Events From the Northern Margin of the Hetao Basin, China

Xu, Dongsheng; He, Zhi‐Guo; Ma, Bo; Liang, Kuan; Long, Jianyu; Zhang, Hao

doi:10.1029/2022tc007443

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Addressing the challenge of rupturing the overburdened soil body during a severe earthquake requires expensive engineering interventions, such as digging deep trenches. However, this method may not guarantee precision in locating the rupture or determining the overall affected area [34][35][36]. Hence, understanding the rupture traces and widths within the overburdened soil body's interior profile is crucial.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Foundation Failure In Cross Fault Bridge Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Bridge Tests on Sandy Overburden Site with Fault Dislocating

Ma,

Zhang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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Performance-based seismic design methods for bridges are advancing, yet limited research has explored the damage mechanisms of bridges subjected to extreme seismic effects, such as those near or across faults. To investigate the damage mechanisms under bedrock dislocation and bridge rupture resistance, providing essential insights for the standardized design and construction of bridges in close proximity to seismic rupture sites, we developed a large-scale device to model bridges in the immediate vicinity of tilted-slip strong seismic rupture sites. This included a synchronous bedrock dislocation loading system. Four sets of typical sandy soil modeling tests were concurrently conducted. The results indicate: (1) The overall shear deformation zone of the foundation and surface uneven deformation primarily concentrate the overburdened soil body along the fault dip. The damaged area under the low-dip reverse fault is lighter on the surface and inside the soil body compared to the high-dip-positive fault. (2) The presence of bridges reduces the width of the main rupture zone and avoidance distance to some extent. However, this reduction is not as significant as anticipated. The damage to the bridge pile foundation along the fault dislocation tendency notably leads to the bending damage of the bridge deck. (3) Input parameters for fracture-resistant bridge design (surface rupture zone location, extent, maximum deformation, etc.) can be deduced from the free site. Within the rupture zone, a “fuse” design can be implemented using simply supported girders. Additionally, combining the “fuse” design with simple supported girders on both sides and utilizing simple support beams for “fuse” design within the rupture zone, along with structural “disconnection”, allows for reinforcing measures on the bridge structure’s foundation platform and pile in the soil body.

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Section: Mechanism Of Foundation Failure In Cross Fault Bridge Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Bridge Tests on Sandy Overburden Site with Fault Dislocating

Ma,

Zhang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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“…This Special Issue was organized by Guest Editors Zhikun Ren, Peizhen Zhang, Takashi Oguchi, and Zhongtai He, and they have engaged in active tectonic studies for many years [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Below, we aim to study active tectonic geomorphological processes using high-resolution data acquired by different remote sensing platforms and sensors. This Special Issue was organized by Guest Editors Zhikun Ren, Peizhen Zhang, Takashi Oguchi, and Zhongtai He, and they have engaged in active tectonic studies for many years [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote Sensing Perspectives on Geomorphology and Tectonic Processes

et al. 2023

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The quantity and quality of remote sensing measurements of tectonic deformation have increased dramatically over the past two decades, improving our ability to observe active geomorphological tectonic processes. High-precision and high-resolution topography is the basis for the quantitative study of active geomorphological and tectonic processes. Recently, with the rapid development of computer visual science and the growing application of light detection and ranging (LiDAR), small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and structure from motion (SfM) photogrammetry have shown great potential in providing high-resolution and high-precision topographic information. In this Special Issue, we focus on the tectonic activity of active faults and the geomorphic processes in various global tectonic regimes that are related to remote sensing measurements. This Special Issue covers major earthquake hazards and seismogenic structures, new methods in seismological studies using high-resolution data sets, and the tectonic and geomorphic application of high-resolution data sets worldwide and, in particular, in the Eastern Tibetan Plateau and Tian Shan. These contributions will provide new insights into the remote sensing perspectives of geomorphological and tectonic processes.

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A Transtensional Fault Zone on the Northeastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau: Millennial Earthquake Recurrence and High Earthquake Hazard

Guo,

Han,

Gai

et al. 2024

Tectonics

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The seismic gaps between ruptures of large earthquakes in tectonically active deformation zones are usually considered to be dangerous areas for future earthquakes. The Western Tianzhu Basin fault (WTBF) with an oblique normal motion is located in the middle of the Tianzhu seismic gap between the M 8.5 Haiyuan and M 8.0 Gulang earthquakes, NE Tibetan Plateau. The faulting activity of the WTBF is key to understanding the seismic hazards of the seismic gap, but it remains poorly constrained. Using satellite images, field investigations, paleoseismic trenching, and radiocarbon dating, we found that the WTBF produced seven paleoearthquakes since ∼8,000 cal. yr BP, with the latest event occurring at 1,005 ± 584 cal. yr BP, yielding an average recurrence interval of 1,102 ± 100 yr and a coefficient of variation of 0.38, indicating that it features a millennial quasi‐periodic recurrence. Based on the comparative analysis of geometry, kinematics, and tectonic activity, we suggest that the Tianzhu seismic gap can be divided into three sections and is characterized by a segmented rupture pattern. Among them, the WTBF and Jinqianghe fault exhibit similar geometry and kinematics and together form the ∼55 km‐long Jinqianghe‐Tianzhu transtensional fault zone (JTTFZ) that is capable of producing earthquakes of Mw 7.2. Given the long elapsed time since the latest event and strong seismogenic potential, it is believed that the JTTFZ poses a high seismic hazard. Our results enhance the understanding of the high seismic hazard in seismic gaps and provide new insights into the seismic rupture behavior in the NE Tibetan Plateau.

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Classification and Semiquantitative Evaluation of Paleoearthquake Identification From Trenches on Normal Faults: A Case Study of Holocene Paleoearthquake Events From the Northern Margin of the Hetao Basin, China

Cited by 4 publications

References 42 publications

Analysis of Bridge Tests on Sandy Overburden Site with Fault Dislocating

Analysis of Bridge Tests on Sandy Overburden Site with Fault Dislocating

Remote Sensing Perspectives on Geomorphology and Tectonic Processes

A Transtensional Fault Zone on the Northeastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau: Millennial Earthquake Recurrence and High Earthquake Hazard

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