Classification and Surgical Correction of Gynecomastia

Simon, Bernard E.; Hoffman, Saul; Kahn, Sidney

doi:10.1097/00006534-197301000-00009

Cited by 299 publications

(150 citation statements)

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“…While several classification systems have been proposed to stratify the severity of gynecomastia, including that of Simon et al (9), McKinney and Lewis (10), and Rohrich et al (11), the American Society of Plastic Surgeons classifies male breast enlargement into four grades based on clinical appearance (8):…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is routine pathological evaluation of tissue from gynecomastia necessary? A 15-year retrospective pathological and literature review

Senger¹,

Chandran²,

Kanthan³

2014

CAN J PLAST SURG

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is routine pathological evaluation of tissue from gynecomastia necessary? A 15-year retrospective pathological and literature review

Senger¹,

Chandran²,

Kanthan³

2014

CAN J PLAST SURG

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“…8 Gynaecomastia was assessed by Simon's classification based on breast volume and skin redundancy. 9 Pituitary testicular function was determined by testicular volume (orchidometry and ultrasound where feasible), 8 and endocrine profile (follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinising hormone (LH), testosterone (T) (total and free percentage)). Adrenal androgen production was measured using androstenedione (A) and dehydroepiandrosterone-sulphate (DHEAS).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gynaecomastia with hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism and Leydig cell insufficiency in recipients of high-dose chemotherapy or chemo-radiotherapy

Harris

Mahendra

Mcgarrigle

et al. 2001

Bone Marrow Transplant

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Summary:Late side-effects of stem cell transplantation include hypogonadism with infertility and sexual dysfunction, but gynaecomastia is less well recognised. We report five cases of gynaecomastia with features of hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism (primary testicular failure), who received either a TBI/cyclophosphamide conditioned allograft (n = 3) or a BEAM autograft (n = 2). Patients receiving an allograft had gynaecomastia, Leydig cell insufficiency (LCI) diminished libido and erectile dysfunction. Surgery was required in one case, while in two cases the gynaecomastia resolved spontaneously after 6 months. Two patients also had gynaecomastia and sexual dysfunction, severe hypogonadism, very low testosterone levels and marked hyperprolactinaemia following autoBMT. Both responded well to testosterone replacement therapy (TRT). As a group, all patients had primary testicular failure and all except one, had LCI (compensated or frank). However, there was no correlation between the severity of gynaecomastia and the degree of endocrine dysfunction. This preliminary study is the first to suggest that gynaecomastia, due to primary hypogonadism and LCI, may be a significant complication of myeloablative conditioning therapy. Therefore gynaecomastia in BMT recipients must always be treated as a pathological entity as it may be the external manifestation of a complex endocrine pathology. It is a potentially treatable condition. Although spontaneously reversible, some patients may require TRT or even surgery. We recommend comprehensive endocrine testing in conjunction with a reproductive endocrinologist and prompt intervention to alleviate embarrassment and anxiety in afflicted BMT recipients. Bone Marrow Transplantation (2001Transplantation ( ) 28, 1141Transplantation ( -1144

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“…Hastalarımızın ilk değerlendirilmesi Simon sınıflaması [9] kullanılarak yapıldı (Tablo 1). Hastalara ait tüm kayıtlar retrospektif olarak incelendi.…”

Section: Gereç Ve Yöntemunclassified

Evaluation of 30 Patients withGynecomastia Surgically Treated

Yiyit¹

2014

Ann Clin Anal Med

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ÖzetAmaç: Jinekomasti benign erkek memesi büyümesidir. Bilinen en etkin tedavisi cerrahidir. Günümüze kadar bir çok farklı teknik tanımlanmıştır. Çalış-mamızda hastanemize jinekomasti tanısıyla kabul edilen hastalarımız retrospektif olarak incelendi. Hastalara uyguladığımız cerrahi teknikleri, sonuçları, komplikasyonları, hastaların memmuniyet durumu ile sunmayı amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Şubat 2010 ile Kasım 2012 arasında 30 hasta ameliyat edildi. 5 (%16,6) hasta bilateral jinekomastili olduğundan aynı seansta bilateral ameliyat edildi. Cilt fazlası olmayan hastalara semisirküler-periareolar alt insizyonla, cilt fazlası olan hastalara sirkümareolar insizyon-periareolar deepitelizasyon ile subkutan mastektomi yapıldı. Bir hastaya aynı seansta karşı taraf meme ucu redüksiyonu ve 2 hastaya areola redüksiyonu yapıldı. Sadece 3(%10) hastaya dren konuldu. Postoperatif 1 ay hastaların göğüs çevresine elastik bandaj kullanıldı. Hastalar postoperatif bir ay sonra kontrole çağırıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmamıza dahil edilen 30 hastadan sadece birine revizyon yapıl-ması gerekti. Drenaj gerektirecek düzeyde bir hastada hematom, bir hastada seroma gelişti. Bir hastada geçici memebaşı iskemisi gelişti. 29(%96,6) hastamız sonucu iyi olarak nitelendirirken 1(% 3,3) hastamız kötü olarak değer-lendirdi. Tartışma: Jinekomasti tedavisinde en etkin tedavi cerrahi rezeksiyondur. Hastada cilt fazlalığı olup olmaması durumuna göre cerrahi teknik seçi-mi yapılmalıdır. Hedef her zaman için en iyi simetriyi sağlamak ve en az skar bırakacak teknikle memeyi küçültmektir. Anahtar KelimelerJinekomasti; Subkutan Mastektomi; Liposuction Abstract Aim: Gynecomastia is the benign enlargement of the male breast. Surgery is the most effective treatment. To date, many different methods have been defined. The patients admitted to our hospital with the diagnosis of gynecomastia were retrospectively reviewed in our study. We aimed to present our surgical techniques, results, complications, and patients' satisfactions. Material and Method: Thirty patients were operated between February 2010 and November 2012. 5 (16.6%) patients with bilateral gynecomastia were operated bilaterally in the same session. The subcutaneous mastectomy was performed for the patients without skin redundancy by semicircularperiareolar inferior incision and the patients with skin redundancy by circumareolar incision-periareolar de-eptheliazation. Nipple reduction was performed for the opposite nipple of a patient. Areola reduction performed for two one. Drain was placed in only 3 operations. All patients used elastic bandage for a month in the postoperative period. The patients were checked after one month postoperatively. Results: Surgical revision became necessary in one (3,3%) of the patients. The complications involved postoperative hematoma requiring drainage (n=1), seroma formation (n=1) and transient ischemia of areola occurred. 29 (96.6%) patients the result as good and one (3.3%) patient described as poor. Discussion: Surgery is the most effective treatment of gynecomastia. T...

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Classification and Surgical Correction of Gynecomastia

Cited by 299 publications

References 0 publications

Is routine pathological evaluation of tissue from gynecomastia necessary? A 15-year retrospective pathological and literature review

Is routine pathological evaluation of tissue from gynecomastia necessary? A 15-year retrospective pathological and literature review

Gynaecomastia with hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism and Leydig cell insufficiency in recipients of high-dose chemotherapy or chemo-radiotherapy

Evaluation of 30 Patients withGynecomastia Surgically Treated

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